Thorne Amino Complex - Travel Packs - Lemon Review
Thorne Amino Complex - Travel Packs - Lemon is a lemon-flavored stick pack of essential amino acids (EAAs) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). Each packet is one serving, and the container holds 30 packets. The page says the formula is clinically validated and supports the growth of lean muscle mass, muscle strength, and recovery after exercise. It also says the formula helps reduce muscle soreness from training and supports cellular energy production and healthy blood sugar already within the normal range. The directions say to mix one stick pack with at least eight ounces of water and to take one to two times daily, or as recommended by a health-care practitioner. The page recommends taking it after a workout to support recovery. It mixes easily in warm or cold liquid. The product is lightly sweetened, vegan, gluten free, dairy free, and soy free, and it is NSF Certified for Sport. The page explains that EAAs are amino acids the body cannot make itself, and that they fuel muscle gain and other functions such as enzyme production and energy metabolism. It describes the product as useful for athletes, older adults who need to preserve muscle mass, people recovering from muscle injury, and anyone who has trouble eating whole foods or protein powders. The warnings section lists a California Proposition 65 lead warning, advises that pregnant or nursing people should not use the product, and states that New York law prohibits sale to people under eighteen. The page also lists a Berry flavor as a separate product.
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Study, Trial or Testing Result Summary
Members Only113 human studies · 48 improved
5 of these 113 human studies gave the ingredient by drip, not by mouth.
This product mixes essential amino acids, led by leucine, lysine, isoleucine and valine at doses near those used in studies. Leucine-rich protein supplements improved muscle strength, mass and performance in older adults with age-related muscle loss [1]. A leucine and vitamin D enriched whey drink added a little muscle and improved chair-stand performance, but not grip strength [2]. A larger pooled analysis also found gains, though the evidence was rated low quality [3]. Leucine on its own, without protein, mostly did not help, both in frail older adults doing strength training [4] and in midlife women [5][6]. Lysine's support comes mainly from mixes that also contained other compounds, so its own role is unclear [7][8]. Isoleucine and valine were only tested inside three-amino-acid mixes, with mixed results. Some trials found small lean mass gains [9][10]. Others found no added muscle or strength [11][12][13]. The remaining amino acids are at small doses with no clear studied dose. In one small trial, an amino acid drink with threonine, phenylalanine and methionine added nothing to strength training in older men [14]. Animal and cell studies are never counted.
See all 113 studies →Hide the studies
- Across 49 trials of 1863 healthy adults doing resistance training for at least 6 weeks, protein supplements modestly increased strength, lean mass and muscle size compared with control; this was about protein generally, not leucine alone.A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-i…
- In 23 trials of 1525 people with cirrhosis, branched-chain amino acids alone did not increase muscle mass, but combined with exercise and protein they gave the largest gain in muscle mass.Exercise and nutrition interventions for sarcopenia in cirrhosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of rando…
- In 12 studies of 1225 people with cirrhosis, branched-chain amino acids improved muscle index and mid-arm muscle size from baseline but not handgrip strength, and study quality was limited.Effects of Branched-Chain Amino Acids on Parameters Evaluating Sarcopenia in Liver Cirrhosis: Systematic Review and Meta…
- Across ten randomized trials and one prospective study of 1133 older adults with sarcopenia, leucine improved handgrip, limb muscle mass and walking speed compared with placebo, though the authors rated the evidence as low quality.Effects of Leucine Supplementation in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Meta-Analysis.
- Across six randomized trials of 699 older adults with sarcopenia, leucine-rich protein supplements improved muscle strength, mass and performance compared with control groups.Effects of leucine-rich protein supplements in older adults with sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of ra…
- In three trials of 637 patients with sarcopenia, a whey protein, leucine and vitamin D combination increased limb muscle mass, but strength and function improved only when combined with an exercise program.Effects of Whey Protein, Leucine, and Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients with Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Met…
- In 8 trials, branched-chain amino acids lowered a blood marker of muscle damage after hard exercise compared with placebo, but did not significantly change muscle soreness.Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and exercise-induced muscle damage in exercise recovery: A meta-analysis of ra…
- In 20 randomized trials in people with cirrhosis, branched-chain amino acids modestly increased muscle mass but had no effect on fat mass.Efficacy of branched chain amino acids supplementation in liver cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- In 12 trials of 1337 older adults, branched-chain amino acids with vitamin D improved muscle mass and function in most trials, while the amino acids alone did not improve muscle health.The Role of Nutrition in the Treatment of Sarcopenia in Old Patients: From Restoration of Mitochondrial Activity to Impr…
- A systematic review of studies in adults aged 50 and over with sarcopenia found that essential amino acid supplements containing about 2.5 g of leucine showed some improvement in muscle mass and function, though nutrition study results overall were inconsistent and few in number.Prevalence of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults: a systematic review. Report of the International Sarcop…
- A review of 23 studies found leucine or leucine-enriched protein (1.2 to 6 grams of leucine daily) was well tolerated and improved lean muscle mass in older people with sarcopenia, while strength results were mixed.Beneficial Effects of Leucine Supplementation on Criteria for Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review.
- A review of 15 systematic reviews in people aged 65 and older found leucine had a significant effect on muscle mass in elderly people with sarcopenia, though evidence quality was low to moderate.Nutritional interventions to improve muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older people: an umbrella…
- In a review of nine trials in healthy adults aged 50 and older, beef nutrients had an overall positive effect on wellbeing, but leucine specifically showed no effect.The potential role of beef and nutrients found in beef on outcomes of wellbeing in healthy adults 50 years of age and ol…
- A review of intervention studies in older adults with sarcopenia found leucine alone without exercise did not improve sarcopenia markers, but leucine paired with protein supplements was effective.Effect of supplementation with leucine alone, with other nutrients or with physical exercise in older people with sarcop…
- A review of trials in people with motor neuron disease found no benefit of branched-chain amino acids on survival, muscle strength or physical function.Amino acids for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis / motor neuron disease.
- This withdrawn review of trials in people with motor neuron disease found no benefit of branched-chain amino acids on survival, muscle strength or physical function.WITHDRAWN: Amino acids for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis / motor neuron disease.
- A review of 11 studies found branched-chain amino acids could reduce exercise muscle damage when damage was low to moderate, with high daily intake for over 10 days, but results varied widely between studies.Is Branched-Chain Amino Acids Supplementation an Efficient Nutritional Strategy to Alleviate Skeletal Muscle Damage? A S…
- A review of 19 articles found that 2-10 g a day of branched-chain amino acids, taken before and after hard resistance exercise, improved muscle recovery, perceived muscle damage and strength, mainly in young men.Intake of branched chain amino acids favors post-exercise muscle recovery and may improve muscle function: optimal dosag…
- In a review of 27 diet and exercise studies in people with cirrhosis, benefits for body composition were also seen with branched-chain amino acid supplements, though the largest gains came from combined diet and exercise.The Effect of Diet and Exercise Interventions on Body Composition in Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review.
- In 380 older adults with sarcopenia, a vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein supplement taken twice daily for 13 weeks did not improve handgrip strength more than control, but increased muscle mass by 0.17 kg more and improved the chair-stand test.Effects of a vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement on measures of sarcopenia in older adult…
- In 200 pre-frail and frail older adults doing resistance training for 16 weeks, leucine supplementation did not improve muscle mass or function compared with placebo.Supplement-based nutritional strategies to tackle frailty: A multifactorial, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled…
- In 150 people with cirrhosis, 30 grams a day of branched-chain amino acids for 12 months did not improve grip strength or muscle mass compared with whey protein.Branched-chain amino acid supplementation does not improve measures of sarcopenia in cirrhosis: results of a randomised …
- In 140 older hospitalized adults with sarcopenia, a leucine and vitamin D enriched whey protein formula twice daily for 4 to 8 weeks during rehabilitation improved gait speed, muscle mass, and physical performance more than a control formula.Improving rehabilitation in sarcopenia: a randomized-controlled trial utilizing a muscle-targeted food for special medic…
- In 132 overweight or obese adults on a calorie-cut diet, branched-chain amino acids at 0.1 g per kg body weight daily for 16 weeks (plus 8 weeks of maintenance) did not significantly preserve lean mass compared with control.Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation Does Not Preserve Lean Mass or Affect Metabolic Profile in Adults with Overwei…
- In 130 sarcopenic elderly people, 12 weeks of whey protein, essential amino acids including 4 grams of leucine, and vitamin D alongside exercise increased fat-free mass and grip strength and lowered an inflammation marker compared with placebo plus exercise.Whey protein, amino acids, and vitamin D supplementation with physical activity increases fat-free mass and strength, fu…
- In 96 people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy followed for one year, oral leucine at 0.2 grams per kilogram daily produced no lasting therapeutic benefit compared with placebo, and early differences were attributed to a drop in the placebo group.Clinical investigation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: IV. Double-blind controlled trial of leucine.
- In 95 people with ALS, six months of branched-chain amino acids (including 8 g isoleucine daily) did not improve muscle strength or function compared with placebo, and lung function declined faster.A controlled trial of amino acid therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: I. Clinical, functional, and maximum isometri…
- In older adults with sarcopenia, whey and leucine supplementation after resistance training did not differ from training alone at the end of 24 weeks, but after a further 24 weeks without training, muscle mass and grip strength stayed higher in the supplement group.De-Training Effects Following Leucine-Enriched Whey Protein Supplementation and Resistance Training in Older Adults with…
- In 80 resistance-trained men, a pre-workout blend containing 300 mg of N-acetyl-tyrosine taken daily for 8 weeks did not change muscle mass or most performance measures versus placebo, though some strength and thinking-test gains appeared at 4 weeks and faded by 8 weeks.Effects of ingesting a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without synephrine for 8 weeks on training adaptations in…
- In 77 older men and women, a year of a combined supplement of HMB, arginine and lysine increased lean tissue by about 1.2 to 1.6% more than the control supplement and raised protein turnover.Year-long changes in protein metabolism in elderly men and women supplemented with a nutrition cocktail of beta-hydroxy-…
- In 77 older adults taking HMB, arginine and lysine for a year, fat-free mass rose regardless of vitamin D level, but strength rose only in those with adequate vitamin D.Vitamin D status affects strength gains in older adults supplemented with a combination of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, a…
- In 60 adults aged about 80 with sarcopenia, a 2-month medical food containing 2.5 grams of leucine, omega-3 fats and a probiotic increased lean limb mass, balance, walking and grip strength compared with placebo.Effectiveness of a Novel Food Composed of Leucine, Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 for th…
- In 60 people with cirrhosis and muscle loss, 12 g daily of branched-chain amino acids for 6 months on top of exercise did not improve muscle mass or strength compared with placebo.Randomised clinical trial: effect of adding branched chain amino acids to exercise and standard-of-care on muscle mass i…
- In 55 older adults with kidney disease, 12 weeks of a leucine-rich amino acid mix (1.5 g isoleucine daily) increased lean muscle mass by 0.4 kg versus a 0.2 kg loss on placebo, with no change in strength.Anti-sarcopenic effect of leucine-enriched branched-chain amino acid supplementation among elderly chronic kidney diseas…
- In 54 COPD patients over 4 weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation, branched-chain amino acids did not add benefit to rehabilitation alone for muscle function or exercise capacity.Does branched-chain amino acid supplementation improve pulmonary rehabilitation effect in COPD?
- In 54 frail people with cirrhosis, 16 weeks of branched-chain amino acids (isoleucine dose not stated) compared with control increased skeletal muscle index and improved frailty scores.Branched-chain amino acids supplementation improves liver frailty index in frail compensated cirrhotic patients: a rando…
- In 50 older women, 12 weeks of daily HMB, arginine and 1.5 g lysine improved a get-up-and-go test by 17% and increased leg and handgrip strength and protein synthesis compared with placebo.Effect of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, arginine, and lysine supplementation on strength, functionality, body compos…
- In 47 adults with inflammatory muscle disease over 12 weeks, branched-chain amino acids did not improve muscle strength scores compared with placebo but did produce a greater improvement in shoulder movement function.Branched chain amino acids in the treatment of polymyositis and dermatomyositis: a phase II/III, multi-centre, randomize…
- In 46 stroke patients doing two months of exercise, taking the leucine-enriched amino acid supplement with breakfast improved leg strength and balance and reduced body fat, with timing relative to exercise making no difference.The Effects of Timing of a Leucine-Enriched Amino Acid Supplement on Body Composition and Physical Function in Stroke Pa…
- In 45 older men, a single 6 gram drink of branched-chain amino acids raised muscle protein building for the first two hours after drinking, but the increase did not last to five hours, unlike milk protein.Branched-chain amino acid and branched-chain ketoacid ingestion increases muscle protein synthesis rates in vivo in olde…
- In 42 long-term bedridden intensive care patients given 1.2 or 1.8 g of protein per kg body weight daily for 4 weeks, the amount of histidine and other individual amino acids eaten was not linked to how much thigh muscle was lost.Is the amino acid pattern in medical nutrition therapy crucial for successfully attenuating muscle mass loss in adult IC…
- In 40 young men fed controlled diets for 8 weeks, a high lysine intake (80 mg per kg daily) raised muscle strength by about 7.5% but had no effect on other measures.The effect of a controlled 8-week metabolic ward based lysine supplementation on muscle function, insulin sensitivity an…
- In 40 critically ill patients, 10 days of 40 g daily branched-chain amino acids prevented thigh muscle thickness loss (0% vs 13% loss in controls) and lowered inflammation (IL-6).High leucine branched-chain amino acids supplementation ameliorates quadriceps femoris muscle thickness reduction and at…
- In 36 untrained midlife women over 10 weeks of resistance training, 5 grams of daily leucine added no benefit to fat-free mass, strength or hormone levels compared with placebo.Efficacy of L-leucine Supplementation Coupled With Resistance Training in Untrained Midlife Women.
- In 36 older adults with type 2 diabetes, 24 weeks of branched-chain amino acids (8 g daily, isoleucine dose not stated) did not change muscle mass compared with soy protein, while leg strength rose in the soy group and showed a trend upward in the amino acid group.Effects of Branched-Chain Amino Acids on Skeletal Muscle, Glycemic Control, and Neuropsychological Performance in Elderl…
- In 35 patients after surgery, five days of infusion with branched-chain amino acids (isoleucine dose not stated) prevented the muscle breakdown seen with glucose-only infusion, leaving patients in nitrogen balance and limiting weight loss.Infusion of the branched chain amino acids in postoperative patients. Anticatabolic properties.
- In 34 trained young adults doing resistance training for 8 weeks, hemp increased arm muscle thickness in women while soy increased it in men, so effects differed by sex.Effects of hemp supplementation during resistance training in trained young adults.
- In 32 people with cirrhosis and muscle loss, 12 weeks of branched-chain amino acids plus standard care increased muscle mass, with 83.3 percent of the amino acid group improving versus 46.7 percent on placebo.Adding Branched-Chain Amino Acids to an Enhanced Standard-of-Care Treatment Improves Muscle Mass of Cirrhotic Patients W…
- In 30 resistance-trained men, branched-chain amino acids with carbohydrate (1 g isoleucine daily) over three days of hard training did not reduce strength loss or soreness compared with carbohydrate alone.Post-exercise branched chain amino acid supplementation does not affect recovery markers following three consecutive hig…
- In 30 postmenopausal women doing 8 weeks of resistance training, 9 grams a day of branched-chain amino acids did not add to gains in muscle mass or strength compared with training plus placebo.Effects of branched-chain amino acid supplementation and resistance training in postmenopausal women.
- In 30 healthy adults, 4 weeks of saponin extract taken with whey protein and resistance training raised isoleucine absorption by 6.33% and grip strength by 5.2% versus 2.44% with placebo, but isoleucine itself was not the tested ingredient.Effects of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng Saponins Extract on the Pharmacokinetics of Whey Protein Absorp…
- In 27 malnourished dialysis patients over about four months per period, branched-chain amino acids (isoleucine dose not stated) did not raise lean body mass and lowered fat-free mass index compared with glycine.Glycine increases fat-free mass in malnourished haemodialysis patients: a randomized double-blind crossover trial.
- In 26 resistance-trained young men over 12 weeks, adding 1.5 grams of leucine twice daily to whey protein produced muscle and strength gains no different from adding HMB, and HMB was no more effective than leucine.Equivalent Hypertrophy and Strength Gains in β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate- or Leucine-supplemented Men.
- In 24 young women on 60 days of bed rest, a protein plus branched-chain amino acid supplement (7.2 g per day) prevented loss of heart muscle mass seen in the sedentary group, but heart chamber volume still shrank, and exercise worked better.Cardiac atrophy in women following bed rest.
- In 24 untrained young men, taking branched-chain amino acids after resistance training reduced muscle soreness at 48 hours and lowered blood markers of inflammation at 24 hours compared with placebo, while taking them before training did not match this effect.Effect of Timing of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation on Muscle Recovery after Resistance Training in Healthy Ma…
- In 24 dialysis patients, 12 weeks of a supplement containing branched-chain amino acids (isoleucine amount not stated) at 10 g daily increased thigh muscle thickness and fat-free mass percentage compared with placebo, and lowered inflammation and oxidative stress markers.The Combined Use of Hydroxymethylbutyrate and Branched-Chain Amino Acids to Counteract Uremic Sarcopenia.
- In 22 people with motor neuron disease, a daily mix of branched-chain amino acids including 8 g isoleucine for one year helped maintain limb muscle strength and walking ability compared with placebo.Pilot trial of branched-chain aminoacids in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
- In 20 resistance-trained adults, adding leucine to carbohydrate drinks before and after leg squats did not reduce muscle damage markers or soreness over 72 hours and did not change squat performance compared with placebo.The effects of adding leucine to pre and postexercise carbohydrate beverages on acute muscle recovery from resistance tr…
- In 20 healthy men, a single dose of tyrosine (150 mg per kg body weight) taken before a loaded treadmill march did not improve endurance, handgrip strength, or stair-stepping power compared with placebo.Ingestion of tyrosine: effects on endurance, muscle strength, and anaerobic performance.
- In 18 people with rheumatic disease taking prednisolone, 12 weeks of branched-chain amino acids slowed the loss of plasma amino acids and reduced a muscle breakdown marker, and higher plasma isoleucine was linked to less thigh muscle atrophy.Amino Acid Profile in 18 Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Treated with Glucocorticoids and BCAAs.
- In 18 preterm infants, mixed amino acids given from birth on the first day of life improved nitrogen retention and prevented protein loss compared with glucose alone, but isoleucine was not tested on its own.Immediate commencement of amino acid supplementation in preterm infants: effect on serum amino acid concentrations and p…
- In 17 older men doing 12 weeks of resistance training, a daily amino acid and carbohydrate mix containing lysine did not improve muscle strength or size beyond training alone.Oral amino-acid provision does not affect muscle strength or size gains in older men.
- In 16 resistance-trained athletes, a single dose of branched-chain amino acids (0.087 grams per kilogram of body weight) before a hard leg workout led to faster recovery of leg strength, jump height and soreness at 24 to 48 hours compared with placebo.The effects of acute branched-chain amino acid supplementation on recovery from a single bout of hypertrophy exercise in…
- In 16 healthy older men, a single dose of protein given during sleep raised overnight muscle protein building rates (0.045 vs 0.029 percent per hour) compared with placebo; phenylalanine was mainly used as a tracer.Intragastric protein administration stimulates overnight muscle protein synthesis in elderly men.
- In 14 older adults with impaired physical function, 32 days of a supplement giving 207.5 mg niacin equivalents a day (tryptophan, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) did not improve muscle mitochondrial function or exercise efficiency compared with a control product.NAD+-Precursor Supplementation With L-Tryptophan, Nicotinic Acid, and Nicotinamide Does Not Affect Mitochondrial Functio…
- In 12 young adults after a single resistance workout, a branched-chain amino acid drink (including 1.5 g isoleucine) increased whole-body leucine retention compared with a collagen drink, but it did not differ from a dileucine-based amino acid formula and did not reduce muscle breakdown markers.Dileucine-supplemented essential amino acids support whole-body anabolism after resistance exercise and serum-stimulated…
- In 8 resistance-trained men during a 4-week period of intense training, a high branched-chain amino acid supplement was linked to higher testosterone and lower cortisol and muscle damage markers than placebo.Amino acid supplements and recovery from high-intensity resistance training.
- In 7 men, drinking a branched-chain amino acid solution during and after one leg resistance workout boosted muscle growth signaling more than a placebo drink, though muscle growth itself was not measured.Branched-chain amino acids increase p70S6k phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle after resistance exercise.
- In 7 children on peritoneal dialysis, 3 months of amino acid dialysis did not significantly increase lean body mass compared with glucose dialysis, though appetite improved in most children.Effects of 3-month amino acid dialysis compared to dextrose dialysis in children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dia…
- In heart failure patients over 3 months, 10 grams a day of branched-chain amino acids added to a resistance exercise program did not improve body composition or function beyond exercise alone.Changes in body composition in heart failure patients after a resistance exercise program and branched chain amino acid …
- In 155 malnourished older adults, a branched-chain amino acid mixture for 2 months improved muscle mass, strength and performance in both groups, but beat diet advice only for cognition, mitochondrial energy production and oxidative stress.From mitochondria to healthy aging: The role of branched-chain amino acids treatment: MATeR a randomized study.
- In 57 people one month after sleeve gastrectomy, whey protein with branched-chain amino acids and vitamin D lost less lean mass and muscle strength than protein alone (3.8% vs 18.5% strength loss).Adding Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Vitamin D to Whey Protein Is More Effective than Protein Alone in Preserving Fat F…
- In 54 patients with subacute stroke, one month of branched-chain amino acid powder during rehabilitation produced greater gains in muscle mass index than matched controls who did not take it.The Effect of Branched Chain Amino Acid Supplementation on Stroke-Related Sarcopenia.
- In 48 untrained adults doing supervised resistance training three times a week for 12 weeks, 2 grams of leucine from either whey or soy protein increased body weight, lean mass and leg strength, with no difference between the two protein sources.No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Mat…
- In frail older adults in care homes, a 40-week program of group exercise plus branched-chain amino acids lowered a blood inflammation marker (TNF-alpha) more than other groups, with only slight changes in strength and other measures.Effect of Training-Detraining Phases of Multicomponent Exercises and BCAA Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers and Al…
- In 28 malnourished elderly dialysis patients, six months of branched-chain amino acids (isoleucine dose not stated) compared with placebo in a crossover design increased anthropometric measures of body size and raised blood albumin.Oral supplementation of branched-chain amino acid improves nutritional status in elderly patients on chronic haemodialys…
- In 20 young combat sport athletes, 5 g a day of branched-chain amino acids for 4 weeks raised muscle mass from 23.4 to 25.1 kg and improved a body cell health measure, while the control group did not change.[The efficiency of branched chain aminoacids (BCAA) in the nutrition of combat sport athletes].
- In 18 trained cyclists, 10 weeks of a BCAA mix with 4 g valine daily did not change lean mass but improved sprint peak and mean power compared with placebo.Ten weeks of branched-chain amino acid supplementation improves select performance and immunological variables in traine…
- In 16 trekkers at high altitude over 21 days, taking 2.88 grams of isoleucine daily as part of branched-chain amino acids kept lean mass rising and reduced loss of leg power compared with placebo, though body mass still fell in both groups.Branched-chain amino acid supplementation during trekking at high altitude. The effects on loss of body mass, body compo…
- In 16 healthy young women during 60 days of bed rest, a high-protein diet with added branched-chain amino acids prevented the loss of insulin sensitivity seen with a standard diet, although lean body mass fell in both groups.High-protein diet with excess leucine prevents inactivity-induced insulin resistance in women.
- A single oral leucine-enriched branched-chain amino acid dose in 6 people with alcoholic cirrhosis and 8 controls reduced whole-body protein breakdown and reversed impaired muscle growth signaling, but muscle protein synthesis was not changed.Metabolic and molecular responses to leucine-enriched branched chain amino acid supplementation in the skeletal muscle o…
- In 12 adults, a single bout of intense leg resistance exercise raised muscle protein synthesis in both trained and untrained people, but the rise was smaller in the trained group, and breakdown rose only in the untrained group.Resistance training reduces the acute exercise-induced increase in muscle protein turnover.
- In seven young men fed a very low histidine diet for 8 weeks, lean body mass did not change significantly, while nitrogen balance turned negative; two control men given 1.05 g of histidine daily for 8 weeks had stable parameters.Long-term effects of low histidine intake on men.
- In a small study of patients on peritoneal dialysis, adding amino acids, mainly valine, to the dialysis fluid increased muscle protein synthesis during a single session compared with dextrose alone.Acute effects of peritoneal dialysis with dialysates containing dextrose or dextrose and amino acids on muscle protein t…
- In 56 sarcopenic older adults, a whey and leucine supplement for 12 weeks did not change muscle mass or grip strength more than counselled protein intake, but it improved walking speed, especially in those under 75.Effects of adequate dietary protein with whey protein, leucine, and vitamin D supplementation on sarcopenia in older adu…
- In 55 hospital inpatients with walking problems, twice-daily branched-chain amino acid jelly raised muscle mass by 4.3 percent while controls lost 2.2 percent, but daily living function did not differ between groups.The Effect of Branched Chain Amino Acids-Enriched Nutritional Supplements on Activities of Daily Living and Muscle Mass …
- In 33 adults with pre-sarcopenia or sarcopenia, 7.2 grams of branched-chain amino acids per day for five weeks improved muscle mass index, gait speed, and grip strength, but these gains faded after 12 weeks without the supplement.Effects of enriched branched-chain amino acid supplementation on sarcopenia.
- Among 4,336 older Chinese adults, higher dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids was linked to better grip strength and walking speed and lower risk of low muscle strength.Association between Branched-Chain Amino Acid Intake and Physical Function among Chinese Community-Dwelling Elderly Resi…
- In 3292 Korean adults aged 50 to 64, higher skeletal muscle mass index was linked to higher total energy and branched-chain amino acid intake, with no independent link reported for histidine from food.Estimation of Dietary Amino Acid Intake and Independent Correlates of Skeletal Muscle Mass Index among Korean Adults.
- In 2,610 older Chinese adults followed for 4 years, a serum amino acid pattern including tryptophan was linked to lower sarcopenia risk in men, but this link disappeared after adjusting for confounders.Serum Amino Acids Patterns and 4-Year Sarcopenia Risk in Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults.
- In older adults in Qingdao, China, higher dietary branched chain amino acid intake was linked to lower sarcopenia risk, and higher valine intake was linked to faster gait speed.Branched chain and other amino acid intakes are inversely associated with sarcopenia among community elders in Qingdao, …
- In 1,140 Asian adults with type 2 diabetes followed for up to 7.9 years, higher baseline tryptophan was linked to lower odds of losing skeletal muscle mass.Amino acid profile of skeletal muscle loss in type 2 diabetes: Results from a 7-year longitudinal study in asians.
- In 352 Mexican adolescents followed for 1.6 to 3.5 years, a group of blood metabolites that included tryptophan breakdown products was linked to changes in muscle mass, with associations differing between boys and girls.Metabolomics reveals sex-specific pathways associated with changes in adiposity and muscle mass in a cohort of Mexican a…
- In 300 older Iranian adults, dietary branched chain amino acid intake, including valine, was not significantly linked to sarcopenia or its components of muscle mass, grip strength, or gait speed.Association between dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids and sarcopenia and its components: a cross-sectional st…
- In a cross-sectional study of 257 older adults in China, those in the highest tertile of dietary cystine intake had a higher risk of sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and strength), while higher animal protein intake was linked to lower risk.Association between dietary intake of protein and amino acids and sarcopenia: a cross-sectional study.
- In 246 older Chinese men, higher blood tryptophan was linked to better handgrip strength, while glycine showed the opposite pattern.Specific lysophosphatidylcholine and acylcarnitine related to sarcopenia and its components in older men.
- In a cross-sectional study of 189 older adults, lower blood levels of the amino acid lysine were linked to sarcopenia (low muscle mass and strength), but this does not show that taking lysine helps.Systemic and Metabolic Signature of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.
- In Malawian adults who had severe childhood malnutrition, higher tryptophan was linked to greater lean mass 7 years later, but this link was absent in controls.Childhood Malnutrition and Association of Lean Mass with Metabolome and Hormone Profile in Later Life.
- In 142 malnourished patients followed for 3 months, those taking a leucine-enriched supplement improved phase angle and rectus femoris muscle thickness more than those taking a standard supplement, though the study was observational and groups differed.Nutritional impact of leucine-enriched supplements: Evaluating protein type through artificial intelligence (AI)-augment…
- In a study of 128 older women from Brazil and Italy, dietary intake of valine, leucine and isoleucine was linked to chair-stand performance only in the Italian women, so this observational link is not proof that valine builds muscle.Association between Dietary Habits and Physical Function in Brazilian and Italian Older Women.
- In a nested case-control study of 128 older adults, higher blood tryptophan levels were linked to a lower 2-year risk of impaired leg function (odds ratio 0.64), but this was observational and not a supplement trial.Plasma Amino Acids and Risk of Impaired Lower-Extremity Function and Role of Dietary Intake: A Nested Case-Control Study…
- In a retrospective review of 29 adults with short bowel syndrome on home IV feeding, muscle mass increased only when the feeding mixture supplied at least 0.06 g per kg body weight of methionine along with enough branched-chain amino acids.Essential Amino Acid Profile in Parenteral Nutrition Mixtures: Does It Meet Needs?
- In 28 young Japanese women tracked through the seasons, histidine intake from food did not change with summer energy intake drops, and leg muscle weight was higher in spring and summer than in winter, though this was an observational food-record study and not a histidine supplement trial.Relationship between Seasonal Changes in Food Intake and Energy Metabolism, Physical Activity, and Body Composition in Y…
- In a small pilot of 20 men aged about 82, plasma tryptophan was lower in those with severe muscle loss than in matched controls, suggesting it may be a biomarker of severe sarcopenia rather than a proven cause.Metabolomic profiles to explore biomarkers of severe sarcopenia in older men: A pilot study.
- Lower blood tryptophan was seen in men with sarcopenia in a discovery cohort, but tryptophan was not among the markers the authors identified as useful biomarkers for sarcopenia.Amino acid metabolites as potential circulating biomarkers for sarcopenia.
- In 57 people with sarcopenia given exercise plus branched-chain amino acids, calcium and vitamin D for 12 weeks, noradrenaline rose, but the analysis was about neurotransmitter levels and did not test muscle gain against a control.Plasma levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, and cortisol in sarcopenia: comparison with non-sarcope…
- In 12 lean and 9 obese people, phenylalanine was used only as a tracer to measure protein turnover, and blocking the inflammation signal interleukin-6 did not change protein turnover during rest, exercise or recovery.Amino Acid Metabolism and Protein Turnover in Lean and Obese Humans During Exercise-Effect of IL-6 Receptor Blockade.
- In 8 obese men with type 2 diabetes and 12 controls, a single 20-gram essential amino acid dose raised muscle protein synthesis similarly in both groups, but the diabetes group showed a blunted cell-signaling response, so the study does not show muscle loss is explained by impaired feeding response.Anabolic resistance does not explain sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, compared with healthy control…
- In 12 young adults over 7.5-hour sessions, short walking or squat breaks during sitting increased muscle protein building from meal amino acids compared with sitting; phenylalanine was a tracer, not a tested supplement.Walking or body weight squat "activity snacks" increase dietary amino acid utilization for myofibrillar protein synthesi…
- In nine men given testosterone for 12 weeks, muscle mass rose and muscle protein synthesis increased; this study tested testosterone, not leucine supplementation.Effect of testosterone on muscle mass and muscle protein synthesis.
- In male mice, cutting dietary histidine by 67% reduced weight gain and both fat and lean mass in young lean animals, and human data showed body mass index rose with dietary histidine, so lowering histidine works against muscle gain.Regulation of metabolic health by dietary histidine in mice.
- In mice, a high-cystine diet for 12 weeks caused more weight gain, more body fat, and higher fasting blood sugar than a low-cystine diet.Dietary cystine level affects metabolic rate and glycaemic control in adult mice.
- In aging mice, a cystine-based antioxidant added to food for 6 months slowed loss of muscle mass and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation compared with untreated aging mice.Long-term supplementation with a cystine-based antioxidant delays loss of muscle mass in aging.
Review Totals and Summary
Members Only51 reviews · 60% positive
Across the one store that carries it, Thorne Amino Complex Travel Packs in Lemon has 49 ratings in total, and the themes below come from the five short written reviews that could be read on its page. Because only five written comments were readable, they say little in detail, and the picture they give is more positive than the star ratings. What buyers praise: the written reviews are mostly positive. Reviewers call the product very good, say it tastes great, and say it seems healthy. One reviewer says they feel amazing since starting Amino Complex. Another says the Thorne quality is always superb. Two other reviewers simply write "Great" or "Excellent" with nothing more specific. Travel and form: one reviewer specifically praises the packaging as convenient for travel, which fits the single-serve travel pack format. Taste is mentioned favorably, with the lemon flavor described as great, but nobody goes into detail about the flavor. What buyers complain about: no written review raises a complaint. Nothing in the readable text mentions mixing, aftertaste, or side effects, so there is no written evidence either way on those points. The star histogram is more critical than the written text, though. Of the ratings, 28 are five star, 1 is four star, 4 are three star, 6 are two star and 10 are one star. That means a sizeable minority of buyers, 16 giving one or two stars, were not satisfied, and none of their reasons appear in the written reviews on the page. Anyone weighing the product should treat the praise for taste and convenience as real but should also know that the low ratings are unexplained. Who it seems to suit: based on what reviewers say, it appeals to existing Thorne customers who trust the brand's quality, people who want an amino acid supplement they can carry while traveling, and people who care about taste and want something that feels healthy to take. One reviewer reports a noticeable boost in how they feel, but this is a single personal account and not a pattern across reviews. Value: no reviewer comments on price or value for money, so nothing can be said about that from the written feedback. Other forms: the summary covered only the powder travel packs, and no reviews of other forms such as gummies or capsules were included, so none are discussed here. Overall, the readable written feedback is brief and upbeat, centered on taste, travel convenience, and brand trust. The star distribution suggests a more mixed experience, with a clear group of dissatisfied buyers whose concerns are not spelled out.
Biohacker Summary
Members Only10 of 10 recommend it
Seven of the ten panelists spoke about leucine, the main ingredient, and most of them recommend it, mainly because it switches on muscle building. Doses came up a few times: 2 to 3 grams per meal for those under 40 and 3 to 4 grams for those over 40, about 1 gram in a capsule with a meal for plant-based eaters, and 2 to 3 grams a day for muscle health with 8 or 9 grams as a possible best level. Several noted that enough high-quality animal protein already supplies leucine, and a few paired it with other essential amino acids or whey. Cautions came from three of them: one said leucine may be pro-aging, one said high levels could raise disease risk, and one said supplementing adds no benefit when protein intake is already good, and that it tastes bad. Tryptophan, methionine, lysine and threonine are smaller ingredients in this product, and the panel's comments on them were mostly about food sources, sleep, mood, and keeping methionine low.
See all 9 biohackers →Hide the biohackers
Ben Greenfield · Leucine · recommends
- Describes leucine as the 'ignition' that turns on the signal for muscle protein synthesis, and that a sufficient dose is needed to hit the dose response and then have other essential amino acids to maintain the signal.
- States that leucine is the primary trigger for muscle protein synthesis and recommends an essential amino acid blend with about 40% leucine for maximum stimulation.
- Recommends pulsing with compounds like leucine for maintaining and building muscle and maximizing muscle protein synthesis.
- A new study found that lowering methionine in the diet of mice significantly increased calorie burning and weight loss, matching the metabolic effects of cold exposure.
- States that methionine is needed for glutathione production, and glutathione needs triple as we age.
- Mentions threonine as an amino acid essential for gut health.
- Mentions tryptophan as a co-factor and raw material needed to make melatonin.
- Mentions that simple amino acids like tryptophan and phenylalanine are methylated into neurotransmitters.
- Mentions that simple amino acids like tryptophan and phenylalanine are methylated into neurotransmitters.
- Recommends ensuring enough tryptophan in the diet to naturally support the body's melatonin production, as it is a precursor to serotonin and then melatonin.
- Mentions tryptophan as a supplement that aids in serotonin production, as suggested by a guest.
- Recommends Dileucine as a next-generation supplement for muscle recovery and protein synthesis, stating it delivers 86% more leucine to muscles and triggers 60% more protein synthesis than regular leucine, especially when paired with exercise.
- Dave Pascoe mixes up a concoction of different protein powders, leucine, and L-citrulline as a pre-workout drink.
- Discusses the role of leucine in boosting muscle protein synthesis on plant-based diets.
Dr. Eric Berg · Leucine · recommends
- The amino acid leucine is important for muscle growth, but getting sufficient protein is just as essential for maintaining muscle mass.
- Recommends L-lysine because it competes with L-arginine, which the virus needs to reproduce, thus blocking the virus from getting arginine and starving it off.
- Mentions that animal protein provides leucine, an amino acid beneficial for muscle building.
- Recommends getting enough leucine, a key amino acid for muscle growth, to help prevent and correct muscle loss.
- Mentions that certain foods contain tryptophan, which is in many different proteins, walnuts, milk, wine, and coffee, but warns that wine and coffee may still keep one awake.
- Explains that leucine is an essential amino acid that signals muscles to grow, and its requirements increase with age, making it important for maintaining muscle after menopause.
- Mentions that eggs contain all essential amino acids, including leucine, which is a key amino acid for building muscle.
- Notes that the amino acid leucine, found in animal protein, stimulates insulin.
- Mentions that the FDA banned tryptophan for a period after serious side effects were linked to a bad batch, and the ban was lifted after a med's patents expired.
- Identifies methionine as one of the two amino acids from which the majority of dietary sulfur is obtained.
- Notes that red meat contains leucine, an amino acid that triggers the synthesis of muscle.
- Notes that Tryptophan can turn into vitamin B3, but the mechanism is not very efficient.
- Notes that tryptophan can convert to B3, but the conversion efficiency is very low, requiring 60 times the units of tryptophan for one unit of B3.
- Recommends the right amount of histidine in one's diet to promote healthy hair growth by helping to produce keratin and regulating copper and zinc levels.
Thomas DeLauer · Leucine · recommends
- Identifies leucine as the primary trigger for the mtorc1 pathway, which is the master switch for muscle protein synthesis, and recommends 2 to 3 grams per meal for those under 40, and 3 to 4 grams for those over 40.
- Explains that leucine is important for muscle, with beef, whey, milk, and sardines clearing the 2-3g leucine threshold per meal, and that the threshold increases with age.
- States that leucine is what flips the switch for muscle protein synthesis, and that adding leucine and essential amino acids to a small dose of whey can match the effect of a full 25-gram dose of protein.
- Believes that having enough tryptophan get into the brain over the course of the day enables the capacity to produce melatonin at night.
- Recommends tryptophan before bed for sleep.
- Notes that leucine, an important amino acid for muscle growth, activates mTOR signaling after exercise, triggering the first step in building new muscle, and that leucine plus carbs together have the strongest signaling effect.
- Discusses tryptophan being taken off the market in the early 90s due to a bad batch from one company that had neurotoxins, leading to a quality control issue and a temporary ban.
- Takes 500 to 1,000 mg of tryptophan at night to help produce serotonin and melatonin, which are important for tilting towards a parasympathetic tone and relaxation.
- Mentions taking a tryptophan supplement before sleep.
- Recommends taking 3 to 5 grams of leucine with meals, especially for older individuals who may struggle to meet minimum protein requirements, as it can help preserve muscle and increase muscle protein synthesis.
- Recommends protein sources that are high in leucine as a '401k of your fat burner' because they lead to more metabolically active lean tissue, especially for people dropping weight.
- Rates tryptophan as "foggy" for sleep, explaining that while it's a precursor to serotonin and melatonin, it needs to be taken by itself without other food to avoid competing with other amino acids for absorption. He states he oftentimes takes it, but lately has not been.
- Explains that leucine skyrockets mTor and phosphorylates P7S6K, which is exactly what one wants to be activating, especially post-workout but throughout the day if trying to build muscle and recover.
- Mentions that some people believe avoiding isoleucine is key to the sugar diet, potentially increasing FGF-21.
Dr. Rhonda Patrick · Leucine · recommends
- Notes that foods high in leucine are going to really support muscle protein synthesis.
- Explains that Leucine is the critical signal driving robust activation of mTOR, which plays key roles in skeletal muscle growth by driving muscle protein synthesis and recovery, but also notes a study suggesting Leucine might activate mTOR in the vascular system, promoting plaque buildup.
- Highlights that leucine is an amino acid with strong signaling properties, stimulating the mTOR pathway and setting off the anabolic cascade for muscle protein synthesis.
- Mentions that leucine, a branched-chain amino acid, and other essential amino acids may be partially protective against declines in muscle mass, but not entirely effective against strength declines.
- Discusses leucine as an amino acid that kick-starts the muscle-growth process, noting that 2 to 3 grams may be important for older individuals to kick-start that process, but does not recommend it as a supplement if consuming high-quality animal-based protein sources.
- Warns that leucine is extraordinarily bitter and requires food science to mask its taste. He also states that leucine supplementation should be a last resort, advocating for a food-first approach.
- Mentions that NAD can be synthesized in the body from dietary sources including the amino acid tryptophan, found in foods like salmon, spinach, and nuts.
- Dr. Patrick explains that tryptophan is a precursor for serotonin, a neurotransmitter important for mood and cognition, and exercise increases its availability to be transported into the brain to form serotonin.
- Identifies leucine as a major activator of mTORC1, which is critical for muscle protein synthesis.
- Notes that leucine is the highest affinity amino acid sensor for mTORC1, explaining why branched-chain amino acids, particularly leucine, are used to enhance muscle growth or prevent degradation during exercise. He believes 5 grams during a workout is probably not harmful.
- Notes that tryptophan gets transported into the brain to be converted into serotonin but competes with BCAAs for transport, which are preferentially transported.
- Explains that genes converting tryptophan to serotonin in the gut and brain contain a vitamin D response element that represses gut serotonin production and increases brain serotonin.
- Methionine, along with other amino acids, regulates IGF-1 levels.
- Notes that in aged mice, methionine had a Goldilocks range within a low-amino-acid diet, where too little increased frailty and a moderate amount preserved lean mass and improved metabolism.
Dr. Mark Hyman · Leucine · recommends
- Dr. Mark Hyman, agreeing with the guest, highlights leucine as a primary amino acid important for muscle protein synthesis.
- States that leucine is important for muscle health and is the rate-limiting amino acid for turning on the switch that starts muscle building.
- Notes that as people age, glutathione production goes down, and they might need three times more protein in methionine.
- Notes concerns in the longevity camp about excessive methionine intake, especially if not balanced with glycine, which could theoretically impair longevity.
- Recommends leucine, an amino acid, for making muscle.
- Recommends tryptophan as an essential neuro-nutrient and a precursor for serotonin, which repairs the hippocampus, noting that it can be ordered from Amazon.
- States that restricting tryptophan is not the solution for long COVID, as low tryptophan is an effect of the condition, and simply adding more does not help, especially if it's being metabolized into poisonous quinolinic acid.
- Notes that tryptophan, a precursor to serotonin, can improve constipation in IBS-C by increasing intestinal transit time and motility, but high levels could worsen IBS-D.
- Highlights leucine as an essential amino acid that is nearly highest in protein sources and acts as a unique amino acid for metabolic signaling, like a switch that turns on muscle building.
- States that tryptophan is necessary for serotonin production in the brain.
- Mentions threonine as an essential amino acid for mucin production in the gut.
- Recommends pairing high-dose IV vitamin C with L-lysine, an amino acid with an antiviral component, for viral reactivation.
- Mentions looking at tryptophan as an amino acid supplement.
- Sometimes increases the dose of phenylalanine in conjunction with essential amino acids for depression.
Andrew Huberman · Leucine · recommends
- Suggests that adding free leucine, perhaps one gram in a capsule with a normal meal, can significantly boost protein synthetic response, especially for plant-based individuals.
- Recommends tryptophan-rich foods to improve serotonin and mood.
- Notes that tryptophan is an amino acid precursor to serotonin synthesis and that many foods enriched in tryptophan can lead to net increases in serotonin, impacting feelings of well-being.
- Suggests that leucine, because it triggers cellular growth by activating the mTOR pathway, is actually pro-aging, similar to growth hormone and testosterone, offering immediate benefits at the expense of long-term health.
- Recommends tryptophan to improve mood and gut health, and for irritable bowel syndrome.
- Recommends ensuring sufficient levels of tryptophan in dietary intake, noting that turkey and dairy products are good sources, as it is a precursor to serotonin.
- Andrew Huberman explains that leucine is an essential amino acid important for inducing muscle protein synthesis, and it is found in high levels in sources like whey protein, beef, chicken, and eggs.
- Discusses leucine.
- Tryptophan or anything that contains 5-HTP (serotonin or a precursor to serotonin) could disrupt the timing of REM sleep and slow wave sleep.
- Recommends methionine as a good methyl donor to help lower homocysteine levels and reduce cardiovascular risk.
- States that leucine is uniquely stimulating to skeletal muscle and recommends consuming closer to 9 grams of leucine per day, which is two to three times the RDA, for optimal muscle health.
- Notes that leucine, isoleucine, and valine, which are branch chain amino acids, make insulin go up.
- Notes that leucine, isoleucine, and valine, which are branch chain amino acids, make insulin go up.
- Notes that leucine, isoleucine, and valine, which are branch chain amino acids, make insulin go up.
Dave Asprey · Leucine · warns
- States that very low levels of leucine are probably promoting high levels of protection against aging and diseases, but also promoting frailty, and high levels of this amino acid could be a risk for developing a number of diseases.
- Recommends tryptophan, an amino acid from high-quality complete animal protein sources like turkey, as a raw material for NAD+ production.
- Recalls when tryptophan was taken out of health food stores due to a contaminated baby formula study, not because of tryptophan itself.
- Dave Asprey recommends tryptophan, an amino acid, as one of the two most important raw materials for NAD+ production, found in high-quality complete protein sources.
- Explains that modern farming practices have reduced tryptophan content in plants, and we need tryptophan to turn into serotonin to repair the hippocampus, melatonin, and DMT.
- Mentions phenylalanine as a precursor and building block for dopamine, and that the brain synthesizes dopamine from precursors like phenylalanine.
- Mentions tryptophan as a compound that might be needed if there's a blockage in neurotransmitter pathways.
- States that if you are deficient in methionine, your gut motility is messed up, leading to consequences like irritable bowel syndrome.
- States that excessive tryptophan is not good for you.
- Recommends ensuring enough Leucine, specifically two and a half grams, to activate muscle protein synthesis, otherwise consumed protein may not be effective.
- States that 2.5 grams of leucine are needed in a meal to activate mTOR and stimulate muscle synthesis.
- Recommends looking at methionine for chronic allergies, noting it is an amino acid often restricted on plant-based diets.
- Discusses tryptophan, an amino acid, and its theoretical role in raising mTOR and increasing cancer risk.
- Discusses methionine, an amino acid more common in animal protein, and its theoretical role in raising mTOR and increasing cancer risk.
Peter Attia · Leucine · recommends
- States that leucine is critical for muscle protein synthesis and recommends around 8 or 9 grams a day for optimal muscle health.
- Mentions that threonine is important for mucin production in the gut.
- Recommends two to three grams of leucine a day for muscle health, with optimal health probably around eight or nine grams.
- Recounts a story where a vegan doctor chastised him for suggesting ingesting five grams of leucine during a workout due to its negative effect on mTOR and potential link to cancer, which Peter Attia found amusing.
- Warns that there is no benefit to supplementing leucine specifically if one is already consuming enough high-quality protein, and notes that leucine tastes horrible.
- Notes that many plant-derived proteins are low in methionine, and some meat alternatives are fortified with it.
- Mentions that estimations suggest two to three grams of Leucine in a meal will induce a rapid increase in circulating Leucine, stimulating muscle protein synthesis.
- Highlights that leucine content is an important factor in the anabolic response, and adding free leucine to casein can increase its anabolic effect.
- Recommends focusing on getting enough methionine, especially for plant-based patients, to ensure adequate amino acid intake for muscle protein synthesis.
- Recommends tracking amino acids and ensuring 2 to 4 grams per serving of leucine for muscle mass.
- Recommends tracking amino acids and ensuring at least 1 gram of methionine per day for muscle mass.
- Discusses experiments on Leucine and its effect on muscle protein turnover and fat metabolism.
- Mentions Leucine as one of the four signals that regulate mTOR, which is involved in protein synthesis.
- Explains that leucine binds to a protein called sestrin, which acts as its receptor, and the crystal structure shows how leucine is nestled in a small pocket, making it difficult to mimic its anabolic effects with other molecules.
Siim Land · Isoleucine · neutral
- Notes that his isoleucine levels went down because he is taking leucine, which is a branch chain amino acid.
- Recommends keeping methionine intake slightly lower to support autophagy.
- Lowered his methionine intake as part of an amino acid strategy.
- States that methionine in excess may accelerate aging.
- Lowered his methionine intake to reduce visceral fat.
- Reduced visceral fat by reducing methionine.
- Discusses the methionine and glycine ratio from animal protein.
- Explains that too much methionine accelerates aging and shortens lifespan, and also appears to promote visceral fat gain.
- To get to the 10th percentile of visceral fat and lower, Siim Land recommends reducing methionine intake.
- Warns that methionine, an amino acid high in animal protein, has been seen to shorten lifespan in animals, and most people eat too much methionine without enough glycine.
- Notes that in animal studies, methionine excess is associated with shorter lifespan and high methionine intake drives aging or shortens maximum lifespan.
- Notes that L-phenylalanine can boost dopamine, with many articles available on PubMed.
- Despite high protein and whey intake, Siim Land's leucine levels remain low, hovering around 70, which he attributes to increased muscle mass and the body fighting infection.
- Noticed that his phenylalanine levels go up if he generally eats more protein, as it is not heavily utilized by exercise.
RAL Summary
Members OnlyTier 4 for Muscle and Strength
Studies are mixed: leucine helps mainly when paired with protein, and the branched-chain amino acid mixes give inconsistent results. Only 61% of reviews are positive, below the two thirds needed for a higher tier.
- Emerging: not enough evidence to rank higher yet.
Where the evidence disagrees: 32 of the 113 human studies found no effect.
More Details
Members OnlyBody systems · Combine with · Possible side effects
Body systems: Musculoskeletal system
Combine with: For muscle building and recovery, pair it with a high-quality whey or plant protein to supply the full range of essential amino acids, and creatine monohydrate (3-5 g daily) for strength and lean mass. Vitamin D3 with K2 and magnesium support muscle function, recovery, and hormonal health. Omega-3 fish oil helps reduce exercise-related inflammation. If the broader goal is male weight management, add green tea extract (EGCG), fiber such as glucomannan or psyllium for satiety, and berberine or chromium for blood sugar support, alongside a calorie-controlled diet and resistance training. Consult a healthcare provider before combining supplements, especially with medical conditions or medications.
Possible side effects: No major side effects reported.
Supplement Facts
L-Leucine 1.25 g · L-Lysine 650 mg · L-Isoleucine 625 mg
| Calories | 25 | |
| Total Carbohydrate | 1 g | |
| L-Leucine | 1.25 g | † |
| L-Lysine | 650 mg | † |
| L-Isoleucine | 625 mg | † |
| L-Valine | 625 mg | † |
| L-Threonine | 350 mg | † |
| L-Histidine | 150 mg | † |
| L-Cystine | 150 mg | † |
| L-Phenylalanine | 100 mg | † |
| L-Methionine | 50 mg | † |
| L-Tyrosine | 30 mg | † |
| L-Tryptophan | 20 mg | † |
Other ingredients: Flavor, Citric Acid, Rebaudioside A (from stevia), Turmeric Powder.
Directions: Mix 1 stick pack with at least 8 ounces of water one to two times daily or as recommended by your health-care practitioner.
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Graded November 6, 2026 by the Reverse Age Lab evidence engine, from human studies, real reviews and our biohacker panel. How we grade. Is this medical advice? No. Rala organizes the published evidence; go over any change with your doctor, especially if you take meds.
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