NaturesPlus Chewable Vitamin D3 1000 IU (25 mcg) Maui Berry Burst Flavor Review
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Study, Trial or Testing Result Summary
Members Only113 human studies · 45 improved
2 of these 113 human studies gave the ingredient by injection, not by mouth.
This chewable gives 1000 units of vitamin D3 a day, the dose used in studies. In people with type 2 diabetes, two large pooled analyses found vitamin D modestly lowered fasting blood sugar, the long-term blood sugar marker and insulin resistance, most clearly in people low in vitamin D [1][2]. A review of adults at risk of diabetes found similar drops [3]. In adults with prediabetes, three trials found 15% less new diabetes over about three years [4]. In pregnant women, vitamin D lowered the risk of pregnancy diabetes by about 36% [5]. However, large long trials in older or high-risk adults did not significantly prevent diabetes [6][7][8], and one pooled analysis in prediabetes found no change in fasting blood sugar [9]. The calcium here is 80 milligrams, well below the 500 milligrams studied with vitamin D for lower insulin and insulin resistance [10][11], so it likely adds little. The 350 milligram absorption complex is a blend whose makeup is not broken down, so its amounts cannot be matched to studies. Animal and cell studies are never counted.
See all 113 studies →Hide the studies
- In a pooled review of 884 trials covering 27 micronutrients and about 884,000 people, vitamin D supplements showed no effect on heart disease or type 2 diabetes risk.Micronutrient Supplementation to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk.
- Across 53 trials of 9,443 pregnant women, vitamin D supplements lowered the risk of gestational diabetes by about 36% and improved blood sugar, blood fat, inflammation and oxidative stress markers.Dietary supplementation for gestational diabetes prevention and management: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled tri…
- In 46 trials of 4,313 people with type 2 diabetes, vitamin D lowered HbA1c by 0.20 points, fasting glucose by 5 mg/dl and insulin resistance, most in people who were deficient and with high doses over a short time.What is the impact of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in people with type-2 diabetes: a systematic review …
- In 28 trials with 3,848 adults at risk for diabetes, vitamin D lowered HbA1c by 0.48%, fasting glucose by 0.46 mmol/L and insulin resistance versus control.Vitamin D Supplementation, Glycemic Control, and Insulin Resistance in Prediabetics: A Meta-Analysis.
- In trials with 3,324 adults with type 2 diabetes, vitamin D modestly lowered HbA1c by 0.32% versus placebo but did not change fasting blood glucose.The effect of vitamin D supplementation on glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-…
- In 39 trials of 2,982 people with type 2 diabetes, vitamin D lowered fasting glucose, HbA1c by 0.30 points, insulin resistance and fasting insulin, especially with short-term high doses in deficient or overweight people.Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: An updated systematic review and meta-ana…
- In 15 trials of 2,833 pregnant women, two trials of 219 women found no clear difference in gestational diabetes risk between vitamin D and placebo or no treatment, though the evidence was very low quality.Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy.
- In 20 studies with 2,703 people with type 2 diabetes, vitamin D reduced insulin resistance but not fasting glucose or HbA1c overall, with benefits in short-term, high-dose and deficient subgroups.The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-An…
- In 8 trials with 1,580 people with prediabetes, vitamin D did not change HbA1c, fasting glucose or insulin resistance versus placebo but improved the 2-hour glucose tolerance test result.Association between vitamin D and prediabetes: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis.
- In 19 trials with 1,374 people with type 2 diabetes, short-term vitamin D lowered HbA1c, insulin resistance and insulin versus control, but long-term use showed no significant difference.Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients: A meta-analysis of interventional…
- Across twelve trials with 485 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, vitamin D lowered fasting blood sugar and daily insulin needs but did not significantly change long-term blood sugar (HbA1c), and the certainty of the evidence was low to very low.Vitamin D supplementation in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM): a systematic review and meta-analysis foc…
- In six trials of 371 women with gestational diabetes, vitamin D improved insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity scores and lowered LDL cholesterol, but did not change fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c, triglycerides, or total or HDL cholesterol.The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glucose Metabolism and Lipid Profiles in Patients with Gestational Diabetes:…
- Across five trials of 306 pregnant women with gestational diabetes, vitamin D plus calcium lowered fasting blood sugar, insulin and LDL cholesterol, but did not change total cholesterol or triglycerides.Influence of vitamin D-calcium on metabolic profile for gestational diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled t…
- A pooled analysis of Iranian studies found vitamin D improved fasting glucose, HbA1c and insulin resistance in people with type 2 diabetes, while gestational diabetes showed gains only in insulin resistance.The effects of vitamin D supplementation on indices of glycemic control in Iranian diabetics: A systematic review and me…
- In 27 trials in pregnant women, vitamin D above 2000 IU a day lowered the risk of gestational diabetes by 30%, but did not change preterm birth or birth weight, and lower doses were enough to reduce preeclampsia.Vitamin D supplementation higher than 2000 IU/day compared to lower dose on maternal-fetal outcome: Systematic review an…
- In three placebo-controlled trials of adults with prediabetes, vitamin D cut the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 15% over about 3 years and made a return to normal blood sugar 30% more likely.Vitamin D and Risk for Type 2 Diabetes in People With Prediabetes : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Individual …
- An analysis of 15 meta-analyses of trials in women with polycystic ovary syndrome found vitamin D lowered triglycerides, total and LDL cholesterol, but did not change HDL cholesterol, insulin or body mass index.Effect of vitamin D supplementation on lipid profile, and hormonal functions in polycystic ovary syndrome: An umbrella s…
- A network analysis in people with type 2 diabetes found vitamin D was best of the vitamins for lowering HbA1c, with 4,100 to 7,500 IU a day giving the biggest gain in insulin resistance.Network meta-analysis of the effects of combined exercise and vitamin intervention on insulin resistance and related ind…
- In a meta-analysis of 10 randomized trials in people with prediabetes, vitamin D did not improve insulin resistance overall, but it modestly lowered fasting blood sugar and HbA1c.Effect of vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance and glycaemic control in prediabetes: a systematic review and …
- Across 24 trials in people with type 2 diabetes, vitamin D modestly lowered HbA1c but not fasting glucose overall, with larger benefits for both measures in people who were deficient in vitamin D at the start.Vitamin D supplementation and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- An umbrella review of 86 meta-analyses found that lower vitamin D levels are linked to a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, though this is an association and not proof that supplements prevent it.Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An exposure-wide umbrella review of meta-analyses.
- In a pooled analysis of randomized trials in adults with chronic kidney disease, vitamin D lowered fasting blood sugar, insulin resistance, triglycerides and total cholesterol, but did not change insulin, long-term blood sugar average, LDL, HDL or inflammation markers.The effects of vitamin D treatment on glycemic control, serum lipid profiles, and C-reactive protein in patients with ch…
- Across 11 trials, vitamin D-fortified food improved fasting glucose, fasting insulin and insulin resistance in people with type 2 diabetes, but did not significantly change HbA1c.A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of Vitamin D-fortified food on glycemic indices.
- A network analysis of 40 randomized trials in adults with type 2 diabetes found that vitamin D3 supplements improved blood sugar measures compared with placebo or no treatment, with lower doses lowering the long-term blood sugar average and mid-range doses changing fasting insulin.Effects of Oral Vitamin D Supplementation on Vitamin D Levels and Glycemic Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes M…
- In a pooled analysis of nine trials in adults with type 2 diabetes, vitamin D at 12 weeks lowered insulin, a long-term blood sugar average and a C-reactive protein inflammation marker, and at 24 weeks lowered insulin resistance, though the effects were modest and may fade over time.The Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Fasting Plasma Glucose, Insulin Sensitivity, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabe…
- A network meta-analysis of 21 randomized trials in adults with prediabetes found that higher vitamin D doses, especially 4,000 IU daily or more, improved insulin, insulin resistance and new-onset diabetes rates, while low doses lowered fasting blood glucose.Effects of Vitamin D Supplemental Dose in Adults with Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
- A review of 16 reviews covering 250,569 pregnant women found low vitamin D linked to more gestational diabetes, and supplementation in women who already had gestational diabetes reduced some complications in them and their babies.Effects of vitamin D in pregnancy on maternal and offspring health-related outcomes: An umbrella review of systematic re…
- In a review of 7 randomized trials of 287 people recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, cholecalciferol and alphacalcidol were linked to better insulin needs and C-peptide levels, while calcitriol showed no effect.The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Systematic Review of Randomized Co…
- A review of 8 cohort studies and 11 trials found higher vitamin D status linked to lower type 2 diabetes risk, but supplements did not change blood sugar in people with normal glucose or established diabetes, and improved insulin resistance in two trials of people with glucose intolerance.Vitamin D and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.
- A systematic review of 76 studies found the evidence on vitamin D in pregnancy too inconsistent and low quality to support firm conclusions about maternal blood pressure or blood sugar outcomes.Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy: a systematic review.
- Of 4 randomized trials of vitamin D in people with prediabetes, three found no change in blood sugar markers, and one found lower HbA1c, fasting glucose and two-hour glucose after 12 months of 60,000 IU per month of vitamin D3, so the evidence is not yet sufficient.Effects of vitamin D supplementation on the glycemic control of pre-diabetic individuals: a systematic review.
- In three small randomized trials of people with both diabetes and tuberculosis, vitamin D3 supplements produced blood sugar changes that trended toward benefit but were not statistically significant overall.Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review.
- An Endocrine Society review of 151 studies found vitamin D moderately likely to reduce progression to diabetes in adults with prediabetes, but no significant effect on most outcomes in healthy adults.A Systematic Review Supporting the Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines on Vitamin D.
- In 22,220 older US adults followed for about 5.3 years, 2000 IU of vitamin D3 daily did not significantly reduce type 2 diabetes risk compared with placebo, though pooling with prior trials showed a modest reduction.Vitamin D supplementation vs. placebo and incident type 2 diabetes in an ancillary study of the randomized Vitamin D and…
- In 2423 adults at high risk of type 2 diabetes, 4000 IU per day of vitamin D3 for a median of 2.5 years did not significantly lower diabetes risk compared with placebo.Vitamin D Supplementation and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes.
- In healthy adults aged 60 and older followed for about 4 years, vitamin D3 at 1600 or 3200 IU daily did not significantly reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared with placebo.The effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in healthy older adults not at high risk fo…
- In 1,720 pregnant women in China, 1,600 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 2 months in mid-to-late pregnancy kept fasting blood glucose from rising, while the 400 IU control group's glucose rose by 0.22 mmol/L.Effect of vitamin D supplementation on glucose control in mid-late gestation: A randomized controlled trial.
- In 1,537 pregnant women at 24 to 28 weeks, 1,600 IU daily of vitamin D3 for two months raised good cholesterol and lowered inflammation (hs-CRP) compared with 400 IU daily, with the benefits seen most in women with gestational diabetes or obesity.Vitamin D supplementation for cardiometabolic risk markers in pregnant women based on the gestational diabetes mellitus …
- In the VITAL trial, baseline blood sugar markers predicted later type 2 diabetes and heart disease, and randomization to vitamin D did not change those associations.Biomarkers of glucose-insulin homeostasis and incident type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: results from the Vita…
- In 604 schoolchildren given 600, 1000, or 2000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for six months, LDL and total cholesterol fell, HDL cholesterol rose at the lowest dose, triglycerides rose, and blood sugar did not change.Vitamin D supplementation and cardiometabolic risk factors among diverse schoolchildren: a randomized clinical trial.
- In 307 infertile men, taking 1400 units of vitamin D3 plus 500 mg calcium daily for 150 days lowered fasting insulin and insulin resistance and raised HDL cholesterol compared with placebo.Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Fasting Insulin Levels and HDL Cholesterol in Infertile Men.
- In 301 adults with adult-onset type 1 diabetes, adding vitamin D to saxagliptin over 24 months slowed the decline in insulin-producing beta-cell function compared with standard therapy alone, though the main target was not reached and the benefit was strongest in people with higher GADA antibody levels.Combination therapy with saxagliptin and vitamin D for the preservation of β-cell function in adult-onset type 1 diabete…
- In 289 adults with low vitamin D who took 4000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 6 months, blood sugar and insulin resistance markers did not improve more than with the 400 IU daily dose.Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiovascular and Glycemic Biomarkers.
- In 243 people with prediabetes given vitamin D and/or 500 mg calcium daily for 24 weeks, insulin secretion rose, and those low in vitamin D improved pancreatic beta-cell function with vitamin D plus calcium.Effect of Vitamin D and/or Calcium Supplementation on Pancreatic β-Cell Function in Subjects with Prediabetes: A Randomi…
- In 239 Italian adults with type 2 diabetes and low vitamin D, six months of vitamin D3 lowered fasting and after-meal glucose and HbA1c compared with placebo, and some patients needed less meds.Vitamin D3 supplementation improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients: Results from an Italian clinical trial…
- In 180 pregnant women in India, vitamin D supplements dosed by blood levels raised vitamin D status and were linked with fewer pregnancy complications, including gestational diabetes, and higher birthweights compared with no supplementation.Supplementation of vitamin D in pregnancy and its correlation with feto-maternal outcome.
- In a placebo-controlled 24-week trial of 180 women with polycystic ovary syndrome given weekly cholecalciferol, supplementation did not change overall blood sugar exposure or other metabolic and hormone measures, except for a small drop in blood sugar at 60 minutes during a glucose drink test.Effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic and endocrine parameters in PCOS: a randomized-controlled trial.
- In a 12-month placebo-controlled trial of 173 African-American men with prediabetes and low vitamin D, weekly high-dose vitamin D2 raised vitamin D levels but did not improve insulin sensitivity or HbA1c compared with placebo.EFFECT OF HIGH-DOSE VITAMIN D REPLETION ON GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN AFRICAN-AMERICAN MALES WITH PREDIABETES AND HYPOVITAMINOS…
- In 160 postmenopausal women, 1000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 9 months lowered insulin, insulin resistance and triglycerides and reduced the risk of metabolic syndrome compared with placebo.Vitamin D supplementation improves the metabolic syndrome risk profile in postmenopausal women.
- In 160 postmenopausal women taking 1,000 IU of vitamin D daily for 9 months, adiponectin rose and resistin fell compared with placebo, a pattern linked to better fat-tissue signaling, though blood sugar was not reported as a result.Isolated vitamin D supplementation improves the adipokine profile of postmenopausal women: a randomized clinical trial.
- In 158 prediabetic African American men with low vitamin D, high-dose vitamin D2 over 1 year attenuated the growth of left atrial volume seen in the placebo group, though this difference was not statistically significant.Vitamin D Attenuates Left Atrial Volume Changes in African American Males with Obesity and Prediabetes.
- In older adults with sarcopenia, adding vitamin D to heat therapy and resistance exercise produced greater improvements in blood glucose and lipid levels and lower inflammatory markers than exercise and heat therapy alone.The effects of vitamin D combined with thermotherapy and resistance exercise on inflammatory factors, thyroid hormones a…
- In 130 adults with type 2 diabetes on a med, vitamin D over 6 months improved HbA1c and lowered advanced oxidation protein products at 3 months with higher doses, but did not significantly change insulin resistance.The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Metabolic and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A 6…
- In 100 adults with type 2 diabetes, drinking vitamin D-fortified yogurt twice daily for 12 weeks improved fasting glucose, HbA1c, insulin sensitivity index and blood fats compared with plain yogurt, along with markers of blood vessel lining health.Regular consumption of vitamin D-fortified yogurt drink (Doogh) improved endothelial biomarkers in subjects with type 2 …
- In 100 people with type 2 diabetes, a yogurt drink with vitamin D and calcium for 12 weeks lowered inflammation markers compared with the same drink without vitamin D (both had calcium).Improvement of vitamin D status resulted in amelioration of biomarkers of systemic inflammation in the subjects with typ…
- In children with fatty liver disease, 2000 IU of vitamin D daily for 6 months, compared with placebo, reduced liver fat and inflammation on biopsy and improved fasting glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance.Vitamin D and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
- In 98 healthy middle-aged men, 20,000 IU of vitamin D3 weekly for 12 weeks did not change testosterone levels but significantly lowered an insulin sensitivity index compared with placebo.Vitamin D and Testosterone in Healthy Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
- In 96 adults at high risk of diabetes or with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, 5000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 6 months improved insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function compared with placebo.Effects of 6-month vitamin D supplementation on insulin sensitivity and secretion: a randomised, placebo-controlled tria…
- In 96 obese Sri Lankan children with low vitamin D, 50,000 IU of vitamin D2 weekly for 24 weeks improved waist measure, body fat and the liver enzyme ALT more than placebo, but the abstract does not clearly report a blood sugar benefit.Vitamin D supplementation in obese Sri Lankan children: a randomized controlled trial.
- In 78 overweight or obese adults, taking 1,000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 12 weeks, with or without magnesium, did not improve glucose, insulin or insulin resistance compared with placebo.Combined vitamin D and magnesium supplementation does not influence markers of bone turnover or glycemic control: A rand…
- In 63 children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, 60,000 IU of cholecalciferol every two weeks for six months slowed the decline in insulin-producing function and gave a higher rate of partial remission (59.4% vs 19.4% in controls), though the change in blood sugar control was not statistically significant.Impact of high-dose vitamin D supplementation initiated shortly after diagnosis on residual beta cell function and parti…
- In 60 women with gestational diabetes, 1000 mg calcium daily plus vitamin D for 6 weeks lowered caesarean rates (23% vs 63%) and newborn complications compared with placebo.Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation affects pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: randomized, double-blind, pla…
- In 60 women with polycystic ovary syndrome, a combined magnesium, zinc, calcium and vitamin D supplement for 12 weeks lowered insulin, insulin resistance, triglycerides and total cholesterol compared with placebo.A Trial on The Effects of Magnesium-Zinc-Calcium-Vitamin D Co-Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Markers of Cardio-…
- In 60 women with gestational diabetes, a combined magnesium, zinc, calcium and vitamin D supplement for 6 weeks lowered inflammation and oxidative stress markers compared with placebo.The effects of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and p…
- In 60 people on dialysis with diabetes, 50,000 IU of vitamin D3 every two weeks for 12 weeks, compared with placebo, lowered insulin levels and insulin resistance, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers.Clinical Trial on the Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Metabolic Profiles in Diabetic Hemodialysis.
- In 60 adults with chronic schizophrenia, vitamin D3 every 2 weeks plus a daily probiotic for 12 weeks lowered blood sugar, insulin resistance and triglycerides and reduced inflammation and oxidative stress compared with placebo.Clinical and metabolic response to vitamin D plus probiotic in schizophrenia patients.
- In 60 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and low vitamin D, 2,000 IU daily for 12 weeks lowered BMI, insulin, insulin resistance, and blood fats compared with the control group, with the clearest benefit in women with obesity or insulin resistance.Effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized contr…
- In 49 pregnant women at risk for pre-eclampsia, 500 mg of calcium carbonate plus 200 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 9 weeks lowered fasting blood sugar and triglycerides compared with placebo, but did not change total, HDL or LDL cholesterol.Effect of calcium-vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles in pregnant women at risk for pre-eclampsia: a randomi…
- In 40 vitamin D deficient women with polycystic ovary syndrome, 3,200 IU daily of vitamin D for 3 months gave only a weak, non-significant trend toward better insulin resistance versus placebo, with liver marker improvements but no other cardiovascular differences.A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Hormones, and Liver Markers …
- In 38 people with diabetes and gum disease, adding vitamin D3 with K2 to standard gum treatment for six months gave only limited extra benefit compared with placebo.Effects of D3K2 With Periodontal Therapy in Diabetes Mellitus and Stage I-II Periodontitis Patients.
- In 32 people after bariatric surgery, 100,000 IU of ergocalciferol once a month for one year raised vitamin D levels more than standard care but did not change HbA1c compared with the standard-care group.Improving vitamin D status in bariatric surgery subjects with monthly high-dose ergocalciferol.
- In 30 adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes and low vitamin D, 50,000 IU of vitamin D2 weekly for 8 weeks, then monthly, did not improve HbA1c or urine albumin compared with placebo over 6 months.Effect of Treating Vitamin D Deficiency in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.
- In 16 adults with type 2 diabetes and low vitamin D, 12 weeks of vitamin D3 (280 mcg daily for 2 weeks, then 140 mcg daily) raised vitamin D levels but did not improve insulin sensitivity or HbA1c compared with placebo; there were only borderline gains in insulin secretion.Effects of 12 weeks high dose vitamin D3 treatment on insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, and metabolic markers in …
- In 14 adults with type 2 diabetes on an energy-restricted diet, about 1200 mg of calcium daily from fat-free milk and other foods for 12 weeks reduced waist size, blood pressure, total and LDL cholesterol more than a lower-calcium phase.Effect of increased calcium consumption from fat-free milk in an energy-restricted diet on the metabolic syndrome and ca…
- Over 24 months, 4000 IU of vitamin D3 daily did not improve insulin sensitivity or insulin-producing cell function in overweight adults with prediabetes overall, though people starting with very low vitamin D levels (below 12 ng/mL) showed a benefit.Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Prediabetes.
- In critically ill surgical patients with high blood sugar after admission, one large injection of vitamin D3 raised vitamin D levels and blood adiponectin, a marker of insulin sensitivity, but did not significantly change the main insulin resistance scores over 7 days compared with placebo.Effect of vitamin D on stress-induced hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance in critically ill patients.
- In a placebo-controlled trial of adults with prediabetes taking 1,600 IU of vitamin D3 daily, vitamin D improved insulin secretion and reduced inflammation, and experiments in mice supported better blood sugar control.Vitamin D3 improves glucose metabolism and attenuates inflammation in prediabetic human and mice.
- In children and teens with type 1 diabetes and low vitamin D, 2000 IU of cholecalciferol daily for 12 weeks raised vitamin D levels well but had only a minimal effect on blood sugar control.Effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Data …
- In 100 Tunisian adults with type 2 diabetes and low vitamin D, three months of vitamin D supplementation raised vitamin D levels but did not significantly improve blood sugar control or insulin resistance.Influence of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetics.
- In a small case-control study of 18 people with type 2 diabetes, lower vitamin D was linked to more microvascular complications such as nerve, eye, and kidney damage.Vitamin D levels and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes.
- In 34 vitamin D-deficient pregnant women with gestational diabetes, a single 200,000 IU vitamin D dose led to significantly lower blood glucose, insulin and insulin resistance compared with controls, with no significant change in HbA1c or adiponectin.Effect of Vitamin-D on Glycemic Parameters and Adiponectin in gestational diabetes.
- In 11 people with diabetes and 11 without, taking 3 g of calcium lactate with a glucose drink raised insulin release only in those with diabetes, while intravenous calcium had no effect.Insulin secretion after oral calcium load.
- In 8 adults, a high calcium and vitamin D breakfast did not change blood sugar or insulin responses after a later lunch compared with a low-calcium breakfast.Second meal effects of dietary calcium and vitamin D.
- In 2309 dialysis patients with high phosphate, calcium carbonate binders produced no significant difference in cardiovascular events compared with lanthanum carbonate over a median of about 3 years.Effect of Treating Hyperphosphatemia With Lanthanum Carbonate vs Calcium Carbonate on Cardiovascular Events in Patients …
- In children with overweight or obesity and low vitamin D, 4000 IU or 6000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 12 weeks corrected deficiency safely but did not change blood sugar (HbA1c) or lipid levels.Efficacy of daily 4,000 International Units (IU) versus 6,000 IU of oral vitamin D3 in vitamin D deficient children with…
- In 58 adults with type 2 diabetes and painful nerve damage, 50,000 IU of vitamin D3 taken once a week for 12 weeks raised vitamin D levels, improved blood sugar control, and reduced nerve damage symptoms, in an uncontrolled before-and-after design.Dose vitamin D supplementations improve peripheral diabetic neuropathy? A before-after clinical trial.
- In 50 people with Cushing's disease who were low in vitamin D, a single large vitamin D3 dose followed by six weeks of treatment improved insulin sensitivity and raised vitamin D levels, compared with their own starting values.Vitamin D Deficiency in Cushing's Disease: Before and After Its Supplementation.
- In 43 dialysis patients with type 2 diabetes, calcium carbonate binders allowed more aortic calcification over 12 months than lanthanum carbonate, mainly in patients with mild calcification at baseline.Evaluation of aortic calcification with lanthanum carbonate vs. calcium-based phosphate binders in maintenance hemodialy…
- In 41 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and low vitamin D, one 300,000 IU injection of vitamin D3 lowered fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance over two months, though the study had no control group.The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Resistance among Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
- In a large cohort of adults in a vitamin D and omega-3 trial, women had lower heart rhythm disorder risk than men over about 5 years, but this gap disappeared after accounting for height and body size; this analysis did not test the effect of vitamin D itself.Sex Differences in Atrial Fibrillation Risk: The VITAL Rhythm Study.
- A genetic analysis of over 10,000 people in China found no causal link between genetically higher vitamin D levels and type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, or blood sugar measures.Vitamin D, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.
- In a large survey of Hispanic and Latino adults without diabetes, those eating the most vitamin D from food had lower insulin resistance, but their two-hour blood sugar after a glucose drink was higher, and HbA1c showed no link.Vitamin D, Calcium, Magnesium, and Potassium Consumption and Markers of Glucose Metabolism in the Hispanic Community Hea…
- In a national survey of 9939 US adults, those with diabetes ate about 7% more calcium than those without, but overall diets of the two groups did not differ substantially.Dietary intake of adults with and without diabetes: results from NHANES 2013-2016.
- In a Chinese cohort of 5,543 adults followed for about 3.9 years, lower blood vitamin D was not linked to a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes from a Chinese Cohort Study.
- In a large prospective cohort of pregnant women, those who ate more calcium before and early in pregnancy had a lower risk of gestational diabetes, with women in the top three intake quartiles (about 795 mg per day or more) about 42 percent less likely to develop it than women in the lowest quartile.Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in relation to maternal dietary calcium intake.
- In 2,160 people in Tehran, higher blood vitamin D levels were linked to lower insulin resistance and better blood sugar measures, though this study did not test supplements.The association of vitamin D levels and insulin resistance.
- In a large cross-sectional study of outpatients, higher vitamin D levels went with lower insulin resistance only in women with vitamin D deficiency, not in men or in people with sufficient levels; this was an association, not a supplement trial.Sex-Dependent Association of Vitamin D With Insulin Resistance in Humans.
- In 912 people from western India, low vitamin D was not associated with HbA1c or insulin resistance in either people with type 2 diabetes or non-diabetic controls.Does vitamin D play a significant role in type 2 diabetes?
- In a case-control study of 756 people undergoing colonoscopy, those with colorectal adenomas had lower calcium intake than those without, but the study's main finding concerned insulin and glucose levels, not calcium supplementation or blood sugar outcomes.Insulin resistance, apoptosis, and colorectal adenoma risk.
- In Chinese adults followed for 4 years, those with low vitamin D levels at the start were more likely to develop prediabetes or type 2 diabetes and to have worsening insulin resistance.Vitamin D and Incidence of Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes: A Four-Year Follow-Up Community-Based Study.
- In pregnant South African women, vitamin D levels did not change between visits, while some vitamin D metabolites were linked to blood sugar and insulin measures in mixed directions.Longitudinal changes in vitamin D and its metabolites in pregnant South Africans.
- In 235 people with type 2 diabetes, low vitamin D levels were not linked to diabetic eye damage or its severity.Is there any correlation between vitamin D insufficiency and diabetic retinopathy?
- In 234 young Indian military recruits, higher vitamin D was linked to lower fasting blood glucose, but not to insulin resistance, cholesterol, or triglycerides.Vitamin D, body mass composition and metabolic risk factors in healthy young Indians.
- In 227 obese Mexican children and adolescents, those with low vitamin D had higher fasting insulin and insulin resistance than those with sufficient levels.Vitamin D status and its relation to insulin resistance in a Mexican pediatric population.
- In 180 middle-aged adults, low vitamin D was linked to higher odds of type 2 diabetes, but higher vitamin D levels were also associated with higher blood sugar and insulin resistance measures, so the pattern was inconsistent.Association of vitamin D deficiency with insulin resistance in middle-aged type 2 diabetics.
- In 174 adults with prediabetes or normal glucose tolerance, higher levels of vitamin D binding protein were linked to nerve control of the heart and body fat, but this study did not test any vitamin D supplement.Vitamin D binding protein is related to cardiac autonomic function and metabolic status in prediabetes.
- In 170 people with severe obesity awaiting bariatric surgery, calcium intake was not significantly different from recommended levels only in women aged 51 to 70, while many had impaired glucose metabolism, and the study did not test whether calcium improved blood sugar or heart health.Dietary Intakes and Biochemical Parameters of Morbidly Obese Patients Prior to Bariatric Surgery.
- In 127 women with recurrent pregnancy loss, vitamin D levels were not significantly linked to insulin levels or insulin resistance, although women with higher insulin resistance had lower vitamin D.Glucose/insulin metabolism and vitamin D in women with recurrent pregnancy loss.
- In 80 pregnant women of advanced maternal age, higher vitamin D levels were linked to lower insulin resistance, and those with vitamin D deficiency had higher insulin resistance than those without it; this was a cross-sectional association.The relationship between vitamin D and insulin resistance before delivery in advanced maternal age.
- In 75 people with normal glucose, prediabetes, or diabetes, blood levels of standard vitamin D did not differ between groups or relate to insulin resistance.Relationship Between Vitamin D Levels and β Cell Function and Insulin Resistance.
- In 51 adults with type 2 diabetes and nerve damage in Iraq, lower vitamin D levels were linked with higher HbA1c (a 3-month blood sugar measure) and more severe pain, though no supplement was given.Association of vitamin D, HbA1c, and pain severity in T2DM patients with peripheral neuropathy.
- In a large Chinese population survey, men with vitamin D deficiency had about twice the odds of impaired glucose tolerance (1.99 times), with higher odds among those with a family history of diabetes, while women showed no clear link.Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Prediabetes Phenotypes: A Population-Based Study in Henan, China.
- In rats fed a high-sugar diet, vitamin D3 lowered blood glucose and improved insulin release during a glucose load, and lab work suggests this works by calming inflammation in insulin-producing cells.Vitamin D protects against high glucose-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction via AMPK-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
Review Totals and Summary
Members Only118 reviews · 93% positive
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Biohacker Summary
Members Only0 of 10 recommend it
Most of the panel recommends or uses vitamin D, and the rest speak about it neutrally, with no one saying they stopped. They take it because food and sun rarely supply enough, especially in fall and winter, and they link it to brain and mood, immune function, muscle, bone health and healing. Several take 5000 IU of D3 in the morning, one pairs D3 with K2, and others say to take it with dietary fat for better absorption or with an early breakfast. A few aim for blood levels well above the normal range, one panelist notes it only makes sense to supplement if you are low, and one says most people stay deficient because they do not take enough. Calcium is a smaller ingredient in this product, and one panelist warns against calcium supplements, citing a higher heart attack risk.
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Dr. Eric Berg · Vitamin D · neutral
- Lists Vitamin D as an ingredient found in sardines.
- States that one can of sardines contains 382 mg of calcium.
- Recommends Vitamin D3 because it's nearly impossible to get enough from food and most people don't get enough sun, advising to aim for blood levels of at least 50 to 80 ng/mL.
- Dr. Berg states that when nutrients like vitamin D are too low, fatigue and weakness can follow.
- Warns against calcium supplements, citing studies that link them to a higher risk of heart attack, especially in postmenopausal women, and suggests getting calcium from dairy instead.
- Recommends focusing on vitamin D3 to support stronger bones if a neck hump is associated with osteoporosis.
- Recommends a minimum of 10,000 IU of vitamin D per day to support natural killer cells.
- Recommends focusing on calcium to support stronger bones if a neck hump is associated with osteoporosis.
- Suggests that increasing vitamin D3 may help address the underlying problem of bruxism.
- Dr. Berg warns that the recommended daily intake for vitamin D is based on a massive error and that the actual necessary amount is closer to 8,895 IU, with millions remaining deficient.
- States that magnesium is needed to absorb vitamin D.
- Recommends getting vitamin D levels tested to ensure they are between 50 and 70, as vitamin D is intimately involved in regulating prostate size.
- Warns against calcium carbonate, calling it limestone and the worst source of calcium, stating it takes 12 steps to be converted in the body and is like eating rocks.
- Recommends taking at least 10,000 IUs of vitamin D3 every single day in the winter, stating it is the most important vitamin to lower cancer risk.
Dr. Rhonda Patrick · Vitamin D · neutral
- Notes that vitamin D from sunlight, food, or supplements needs to undergo conversions in the liver and kidneys to become its active hormone form, calcitriol.
- States that Vitamin D supplementation has been associated with a 40% lower dementia risk, and low levels are linked to a 50 to 80% higher risk.
- Recommends getting adequate vitamin D, noting that people taking vitamin D supplements have a 40% lower risk of dementia, while those with lower vitamin D have a 50-80% higher risk.
- Vitamin D supplementation was linked to a 40% lower risk of dementia in an observational study of more than 12,000 older adults.
- Mentions that vitamin D also plays a role in maintaining muscle mass.
- Recommends ensuring adequate vitamin D intake for men's sperm health.
- Vitamin D and strength training alone did not, but adding them strengthened the effect on one clock, with the full combination slowing that measure by ~3.8 months.
- Lutein and zeaxanthin can also be obtained from certain multivitamins.
- Recommends Vitamin D, noting it regulates over 5% of the genome, including genes involved in immune defense, neurotransmitter synthesis, and longevity, and correcting deficiency may slow epigenetic aging.
- Uses Vitamin D3 as an example of a supplement that an AI model could track to see its impact on other metrics like glucose levels.
- Mentions that kale delivers calcium, a micronutrient many diets fall short on.
- Notes additional gaps in calcium.
- Reports that alcohol use disorder is associated with a 20-50% greater prevalence of Calcium deficiency.
- Around 38% doesn't meet the requirement for calcium.
Thomas DeLauer · Vitamin D · recommends
- Recommends taking Vitamin D3 in the morning, between 6:00 and 10:00 a.m., to align with the body's natural metabolic activation phase and sunlight-triggered vitamin D production.
- Uses vitamin D3 in the fall and winter months when getting less sun, as it's important to supplement it then.
- Recommends taking a massive amount of vitamin D simultaneously with an early morning massive breakfast to help reset circadian rhythms and address hyperphagia.
- Recommends Vitamin D, stating that it has receptors throughout the brain and deficiency can quickly impact brain and mood.
- Takes supplemental vitamin D because he is skin sensitive and from northern latitudes, limiting his UV exposure.
- Recommends taking vitamin D on non-liver days to ensure both nutrients get proper receptor access.
- Takes Purity's liquid vitamin D3 with K2 because she is constantly inside during the day; D3 is for overall wellness and K2 helps the body absorb calcium properly.
- Notes that milk contains 120mg of calcium, while sardines contain 351mg, highlighting a 3x difference.
- Recommends getting vitamin D, suggesting it can be obtained while walking.
- States that vitamin D is best obtained from the sun, but getting it from food definitely helps, and notes its role as a hormone influencing many cells.
- Recommends D3, suggesting a dose of 2000-4000 IU, and notes that MK-7 slowed bone loss over three years.
- Recommends getting calcium, along with vitamin D, zinc, and magnesium, from foods like sardines, as they are important for inflammatory pathways in the gut.
- Explains that eating sardines with their soft bones provides a serious hit of calcium, which is a perfect combination for bones and may contribute to satiety.
- Mentions that magnesium and calcium should not be taken together as they cancel each other out.
Dr. Mark Hyman · Vitamin D · uses
- Consumes Zetopia's Atlantic salmon to get Vitamin D, particularly in the winter months, as it is one of the few foods that provides both Omega-3s and Vitamin D.
- Mentions that the body makes vitamin D from sunlight exposure, and a deficiency can hinder calcium absorption, which is crucial for strong bones.
- Recommends Vitamin D for health, stating that amazing things happen when patients' vitamin D statuses reach optimal levels.
- Mentions vitamin D as an existing biomarker that plays a role in mental health, which Function Health includes in their measurements.
- Notes that vitamin D plays a role in immune function.
- Recommends checking vitamin D levels and states that if they had to pick one single intervention for immune health, vitamin D would be it.
- Dr. Hyman discusses vitamin D in relation to sun exposure patterns.
- States that vitamin D supplementation can help with oxidative stress.
- Mentions vitamin D as a key nutrient for supporting immune function.
- States that vitamin D is probably the single most important intervention for immune health, recommending levels of 45 to 70 and emphasizing testing to determine the right dose.
- Notes that calcium is in bones but is also essential for nerves, muscles, and the heart, and low levels can affect muscle function and heart rhythm.
- States that green leafy vegetables are great sources of calcium.
- Notes that calcium needs are lower than advertised and that stress, soda, and excess sugar can drive calcium loss.
- Does not prescribe calcium supplements at all, teaching people to get it from whole foods instead, because calcium supplements don't work for building bones or preventing fractures, and it's bone quality, not density, that matters.
Dave Asprey · Vitamin D · uses
- Takes Vitamin DAKE from Suppgrade Labs.
- Suggests that vitamin D supports brain health, muscle function, and focus.
- Host Dave Asprey explains why correcting a vitamin D deficiency still makes sense for male fertility, even though supplementation did not improve overall semen parameters in a randomized trial.
- States that currently, he is only taking vitamin C and vitamin D.
- Recommends vitamin D, noting it's actually a hormone and that most people are deficient, even those who take it, because they don't take enough.
- States that most people on the spectrum are low in vitamin D and need more of it, mentioning his own product, Vitam DAKNE, which contains real vitamin A.
- Dave Asprey recommends Vitamin D3 with K2, explaining D3 is a hormone made from sunlight and K2 directs calcium into bones, not arteries, highlighting its low cost, widespread deficiency, and the ability to test its effectiveness.
- Recommends Vitamin D as one of the most important supplements for overall health.
- Takes Vitamin DAKE from Suppgrade Labs because D3, A, K2, and E work together.
- Mentions taking vitamin D in the morning, comparing it to the daily dosing of testosterone.
- Notes that when energy intake is too low for training demand, nutrient intake often falls short, especially for calcium, which is associated with reduced bone health.
- Explains that calcium provides the raw material for bones, but it isn't a standalone input and needs a whole system to be effective.
- Notes that people take calcium for their bones.
- Warns that taking calcium without vitamin D, A, and K2 can lead to calcium going into tissues, causing bone spurs and other issues, and recommends a two-to-one ratio of calcium to magnesium.
Siim Land · Vitamin D · recommends
- Advises against taking vitamin D in the morning with other supplements because it is fat soluble and requires dietary fat for better absorption.
- Recommends taking Vitamin D with fat for better absorption.
- States that Vitamin D connects biology to light and that UVB reaching the skin enables its production.
- Lists dairy and sardines as sources of Calcium.
- Thinks vitamin D has some of the strongest evidence and is worth considering.
- Notes that Vitamin K2 pairs well with vitamin D by regulating calcium and bone mineralization.
- Recommends taking vitamin D supplements with some fat to maximize its absorption, suggesting with food or a teaspoon of olive oil.
- Notes that taking vitamin D3 with a fat-containing meal resulted in 32% higher peak blood vitamin D levels.
- Recommends taking Vitamin D in the morning or at lunch with fat.
- Notes that Boron improves vitamin D.
- Notes that Boron reduces calcium/magnesium loss.
- Recommends Vitamin D because microglia contain Vitamin D receptors, and Vitamin D helps keep the immune system properly regulated, with low levels associated with greater neuroinflammation and a higher risk of autoimmune conditions.
- Recommends a high calcium intake for bone health.
- Places calcium supplementation in the 'bad tier' due to its association with increased cardiovascular events, recommending dairy or bones as easier ways to get calcium, though it can be useful for postmenopausal women with low bone density.
Ben Greenfield · Vitamin D · recommends
- Notes that Vitamin D is actually a hormone and recommends patients aim for levels around 40 to 50, or even 60 for fracture healing, for optimal healing, as opposed to just above 20 which is considered normal.
- Mentions vitamin D as part of a bare-minimum protocol.
- Advises getting vitamin D levels between 60 and 100 nanograms per milliliter as a minimum step for overall health and to slow down heart disease.
- Has been taking Vitamin D3 K2 for over a decade.
- Notes that sunlight influences more than just vitamin D production.
- Recommends keeping vitamin D levels high, suggesting that a supplement is probably not a bad idea, especially given that many people are deficient due to spending most of their time indoors.
- Recommends getting enough vitamin D for blood pressure management.
- Recommends optimizing vitamin D levels to a serum score of around 50 to 80 nanograms per milliliter, as deficiency is linked to tinnitus volume and can assist with it.
- Recommends using hormone building blocks like vitamin D for hormone optimization.
- Is considering whether he needs a calcium supplement because lead can displace calcium in bones, affecting bone strength.
- Notes that vitamin D deficiency is the most common deficiency.
- Mentions calcium as a common deficiency.
- Recommends adequate intake of calcium for bone strength.
- Is using calcium chloride mixed with PRP before injecting for the P-shot.
Bryan Johnson · Vitamin D · uses
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Mentions that the sunlight assessment claims low vitamin D levels cause the immune system to misfire, and notes that their vitamin D has been measured.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for longevity.
- He takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for longevity.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning.
- He takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Recommends calcium as a mineral that, along with phosphorus, magnesium, and boron, is deposited to fortify the bone structure after the collagen scaffold is in place.
- Agrees that a little extra calcium is probably okay, especially for women, to really hit home for bone mineral density.
- Recommends calcium at 1,200 mg daily for women during the follicular phase, depending on dietary intake.
- Recommends prioritizing calcium intake for postmenopausal women to help maintain bone density and reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
Andrew Huberman · Vitamin D · neutral
- Notes that most people are probably deficient in vitamin D and benefit from supplementing, but there's no point in doing it unless you're deficient for most things.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for longevity.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- States that Vitamin D is one of the critical nutrients with the best evidence for cognitive function and reducing the risk of dementia.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning.
- He takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for overall health.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 every day for longevity.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning.
- Discusses "hard water" and the role of magnesium and calcium in cardiovascular health.
- Adequate intake of calcium is vital for bone health.
Peter Attia · Vitamin D · uses
- Lists vitamin D as one of her staple supplements.
- Notes that several studies show patients taking vitamin D can reduce TPO levels and prolong the honeymoon period of Hashimoto's disease.
- States that in mouse studies, there was a combined effect of alpha ketoglutarate with vitamin D for both sexes.
- Uses vitamin D as an example of how people might dismiss its efficacy due to failed clinical trials that didn't adjust the dose or measure levels.
- In mouse studies, Peter Attia's team found a combined effect of AKG with Vitamin D for both sexes.
- Suggests that supplementing with lots of vitamin D might help overcome the negative effects of phenytoin on bone health by improving calcium absorption, though he is unaware of studies on this.
- Recommends Vitamin D3 as one of the 'big three' micronutrients for bone health, suggesting a daily intake of 800 to 1,000 IU, which can be obtained through sunlight or supplementation.
- Recommends calcium as one of the 'big three' micronutrients for bone health, suggesting a daily intake of 1,000 to 1,200 milligrams, which can be supplemented with calcium carbonate or calcium citrate.
- Suggests that supplementing with lots of vitamin D might overcome the negative effects of phenytoin on bone health by counteracting increased catabolism of vitamin D and subsequent decreased calcium absorption.
- Explains that bone is 50 to 70% mineral, predominantly calcium, and that virtually all of the body's calcium is contained within bone, making bone important for calcium homeostasis.
- Recommends vitamin D for people who tend to be vitamin D deficient, such as those living in Portland, Oregon.
- Discusses evaluating vitamin D, understanding deficiency, and optimal levels.
- Recommends calcium for bone health, stating that teenagers probably need about 1000 milligrams a day.
- Discusses bone acting as a reservoir for calcium and how resorption and formation release calcium into the blood when needed.
RAL Summary
Members OnlyTier 3 for Blood Sugar
More Details
Members OnlyBody systems · Combine with · Possible side effects
Body systems: Endocrine system, Metabolic system, Skeletal system
Combine with: Combine with a healthy diet and lifestyle.
Possible side effects: No major side effects reported.
Supplement Facts
Total Carbohydrates 2 g · Vitamin D3 25 mcg · Calcium 80 mg
| Calories | 10 | |
| Total Carbohydrates | 2 g | |
| Vitamin D3 | 25 mcg | |
| Calcium | 80 mg | |
| CalcifaSorb Calciferol Absorption Complex | 350 mg | † |
Other ingredients: Cane Sugar, Fructose, Beet Juice, Stearic Acid, Natural Flavors, Xylitol, Citric Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Guar Gum.
Directions: Directions: For adults, one chewable tablet daily.
Barcode (UPC) 097467010444 · Label source: NIH label database · Report a label change
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Graded November 10, 2026 by the Reverse Age Lab evidence engine, from human studies, real reviews and our biohacker panel. How we grade. Is this medical advice? No. Rala organizes the published evidence; go over any change with your doctor, especially if you take meds.
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