Tailwind Nutrition Endurance Fuel Review
Endurance Fuel from Tailwind Nutrition is a carbohydrate and electrolyte drink mix built for longer endurance activities. The product page describes it as a fuel that provides carbohydrates for energy along with sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium. You mix it with water and drink it throughout your effort. The page says it is made to be simple to use: just pour, shake, and go. The flavors are described as light and refreshing, meant to stay easy to drink mile after mile whether you are running, riding, or out on the trail. It can be used with a bottle, a hydration pack, or a soft flask. Tailwind presents the drink as smooth, stomach-friendly fuel that goes the distance with you. The page highlights three ingredient groups under the heading 3 Ingredients For Going The Distance. The first is electrolytes. Tailwind says the formula contains sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium to speed the absorption of fuel and replace what you sweat out. The second is water. The page states that Endurance Fuel maximizes your absorption of water, more than if you were to drink water alone. The third is calories. The formula uses dextrose and sucrose, which the page says matches what the body is designed to absorb, so it enters the bloodstream quickly without challenging the digestive system or causing stomach issues. The nutrition facts shown on the page list a serving size of 27g, with 100 calories, 0g total fat, 0mg cholesterol, 310mg sodium (13% DV), 25g total carbohydrates (9% DV), 0g dietary fiber, 25g total sugars including 25g added sugars (50% DV), 0g protein, 27mg calcium (2% DV), 90mg potassium (2% DV), and 12mg magnesium (2% DV). The page notes that the drink is non-GMO, gluten free, vegan, and free of dairy and soy. Organic caffeine is included only in the caffeinated flavors, which the page marks with an asterisk. The flavor list includes Dauwaltermelon, Mandarin, Lemon, Berry, Naked (Unflavored), Grape, Raspberry (Caffeinated), and Tropical (Caffeinated). Sizes offered include 50 servings, single serving, single serving 12 pack, and 30 servings. The page directs buyers to mix it with 20 to 24 ounces (590 to 710 ml) of water. Its feature points are light clean taste, mixing clear and rinsing clean, being easy on the gut, and having no fake stuff. At the time of capture the product shows as out of stock, priced at $42.99 USD, with a note that a customer can earn rewards points on the purchase.
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Study, Trial or Testing Result Summary
Members Only121 human studies · 63 improved
22 of these 121 human studies gave the ingredient by drip or injection, not by mouth.
The studies we have cover only the small mineral and vitamin amounts on this drink mix's label, not its main sugars, salt or caffeine, so they say little about how it fuels exercise. None of the studied ingredients is at a full dose. Magnesium is 12 milligrams, below the 80 milligrams that eased tiredness in adults with metabolic conditions [1]. Other magnesium trials found no change in fatigue [2]. Calcium is a trace 27 milligrams, far below the 1000 milligrams a day that eased early tiredness in women with premenstrual syndrome [3]. Calcium loading did not help runners' aerobic capacity [4]. Potassium, at 90 milligrams, has mixed and limited evidence. A drink containing potassium, taken in a set amount during recovery, helped trained runners run longer later [5], but a glucose drink did not delay fatigue in another small trial [6]. Vitamin D and iron amounts are not shown on the label. Vitamin D eased tiredness in people low in it [7] but not in a large trial of older women [8]. Iron eased tiredness in people low in iron [9]. Animal and cell studies are never counted.
See all 121 studies →Hide the studies
- A review of 32 studies of phone apps for osteoporosis self-management found no clear effect on fatigue or on calcium intake; this was not a test of calcium supplements.Digital Health Technologies for Long-term Self-management of Osteoporosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
- Across 33 trials of 4558 women with anaemia after childbirth, intravenous iron probably reduced fatigue slightly within 8 to 28 days compared with oral iron, though most evidence was low or very low certainty.Treatment for women with postpartum iron deficiency anaemia.
- In 20 trials of 4196 women with anaemia after childbirth, intravenous iron reduced fatigue more than oral iron, and also raised haemoglobin and ferritin, with low to moderate quality evidence.Intravenous iron versus blood transfusion for postpartum anemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- In 21 trials of 3177 adults with lupus, vitamin D lowered disease activity scores compared with placebo; twelve studies reported benefits including less fatigue, while nine found no significant effect.A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Vitamin D on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
- In 18 studies of 1408 children, teens and menstruating adults without anaemia, iron supplementation reduced fatigue and improved anxiety, well-being and memory in placebo-controlled trials, but the effects were absent when people without iron deficiency were included.Psychiatric and cognitive outcomes of iron supplementation in non-anemic children, adolescents, and menstruating adults:…
- In 18 trials of 1170 iron-deficient adults without anaemia, iron reduced self-reported fatigue but did not improve measured physical capacity such as oxygen uptake.Efficacy of iron supplementation on fatigue and physical capacity in non-anaemic iron-deficient adults: a systematic rev…
- In 11 trials of 1074 adults with iron deficiency but no anaemia, intravenous iron slightly raised haemoglobin, but the evidence for fatigue and oxygen uptake was very low quality and too uncertain to show benefit.Intravenous iron therapy for non-anaemic, iron-deficient adults.
- In five trials of 345 people with multiple sclerosis, vitamin D reduced fatigue slightly more than control.Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- In four placebo-controlled trials of people with iron deficiency anaemia, intravenous ferumoxytol improved fatigue scores and haemoglobin without raising adverse events.The Efficacy of Ferumoxytol for Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
- A review of 26 trials in 3,273 people with chronic fatigue syndrome found most supplements did not help, but magnesium and NADH showed benefit, though the trials were small and at high risk of bias.Complementary and alternative medicine for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review.
- In a review of ten studies of 240 children and young people with rheumatic conditions, a placebo-controlled vitamin D study showed less fatigue, but overall evidence for reducing fatigue was insufficient and most studies had high risk of bias.Reducing fatigue in pediatric rheumatic conditions: a systematic review.
- In a review of four lupus trials, three found vitamin D reduced disease activity and improved inflammatory markers, fatigue and blood vessel function, while one found no improvement in disease activity.Effect of vitamin D supplementation on patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review.
- In a review of six studies in people with multiple sclerosis, most found vitamin D improved mental health and quality of life, with fatigue assessed only as an additional outcome.Vitamin D Supplementation and Mental Health in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Systematic Review.
- In a review of 14 diet trials in lupus, vitamin D improved inflammatory markers but not disease activity in most studies, and fatigue improvement was reported only for a low glycaemic index diet.Diet and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): From Supplementation to Intervention.
- In a review of five studies of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy, vitamin D was described as safe and as easing side effects including fatigue, though the studies were too varied to compare.A Systematic Review of Vitamin D Supplementation in Oncology: Chance of Science or Effectiveness?
- In a review of 24 studies of supplements in wrestlers, iron supplementation improved recovery and may improve exercise performance, though effects were often small and results mixed across supplements.Evidence-Based Supplementation Strategies for Wrestlers: A Systematic Review.
- A review of four diet trials in people with multiple sclerosis found that two diets providing enough folate and magnesium reduced fatigue, but firm conclusions were not possible.Is there an effect of dietary intake on MS-related fatigue? - A systematic literature review.
- In 34,157 postmenopausal women given 400 IU vitamin D plus 1000 mg calcium daily or placebo for about 5.7 years, energy and fatigue did not differ between groups.Calcium and vitamin D supplementation do not influence menopause-related symptoms: Results of the Women's Health Initiat…
- In 812 adults with iron deficiency anaemia who could not use oral iron, intravenous ferumoxytol over 5 weeks improved fatigue scores more than placebo, and 81.1% reached the haemoglobin target versus 5.5% on placebo.Efficacy and safety of IV ferumoxytol for adults with iron deficiency anemia previously unresponsive to or unable to tol…
- In 697 adults with mild high blood pressure, a low-sodium, high-potassium diet with placebo for 6 months was linked to more fatigue (34%) than the usual diet (18%) or a weight loss diet (15%).Effect of antihypertensives on sexual function and quality of life: the TAIM Study.
- In adults aged 70 and older with low vitamin D and high fall risk, taking 1,000 IU or more of vitamin D3 daily for up to 24 months did not reduce frailty, including exhaustion, compared with 200 IU daily.The effects of vitamin D supplementation on frailty in older adults at risk for falls.
- In 405 non-anemic blood donors with low iron stores, a single 800 mg iron infusion raised ferritin and hemoglobin but did not change fatigue scores compared with placebo at 6 to 8 weeks.The effects of intravenous iron supplementation on fatigue and general health in non-anemic blood donors with iron defic…
- In 399 anemic patients after a long intensive care stay, hepcidin-guided intravenous iron (1 g) did not shorten later hospital stay and the abstract reports no fatigue result, though 90-day deaths were lower (8% vs 16.6%).Impact of treating iron deficiency, diagnosed according to hepcidin quantification, on outcomes after a prolonged ICU st…
- In an open-label randomized trial of 338 adults with iron deficiency anemia, high-dose intravenous iron raised hemoglobin faster than oral iron and improved fatigue scores more by 4 weeks, with similar side effect rates.[Comparison of the efficacy and safety between high-dose intravenous iron and oral iron in treating iron deficiency anem…
- In 322 healthy adults given high-dose monthly vitamin D3 or placebo for 18 months, reported earthquake-related problems, including fatigue, did not differ between groups.Effect of monthly vitamin D3 supplementation in healthy adults on adverse effects of earthquakes: randomised controlled …
- In 304 iron-deficient heart failure patients, intravenous iron for 52 weeks improved walking distance by 33 m at 24 weeks and improved fatigue score and quality of life compared with placebo.Beneficial effects of long-term intravenous iron therapy with ferric carboxymaltose in patients with symptomatic heart f…
- In 290 fatigued, iron-deficient women, a single 1000 mg iron infusion reduced fatigue in 65.3% versus 52.7% with placebo at 8 weeks, and improved mental quality of life and cognitive function.Evaluation of a single dose of ferric carboxymaltose in fatigued, iron-deficient women--PREFER a randomized, placebo-con…
- In people with mild COVID-19 taking a 10-day multi-drug regimen that included vitamin D3, adding famotidine led to less fatigue at day 14, while the regimen without famotidine did not show this benefit.Read the study on PubMed (41693032) →
- In 227 breast cancer survivors over 12 months of a program combining a Mediterranean diet, exercise and vitamin D, fatigue fell significantly, but the program was not tested with vitamin D alone and the dose was not reported.Quality of Life in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer after a 12-Month Treatment of Lifestyle Modifications.
- In 198 nonanemic menstruating women with low ferritin and fatigue, 80 milligrams of elemental iron daily for 12 weeks reduced fatigue more than placebo, though quality of life did not change.Effect of iron supplementation on fatigue in nonanemic menstruating women with low ferritin: a randomized controlled tri…
- In 192 vitamin D-deficient premenopausal women given vitamin D or placebo for 12 months, vitality scores and mental component scores were slightly but significantly better with vitamin D, while heart and metabolic risk factors did not change.Effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic risks and health-related quality of life among urban premenopausa…
- In 176 iron-deficient blood donors, intravenous or oral iron over 8 to 12 weeks significantly reduced fatigue and improved sleep, with no difference between the two forms.The Effect of Parenteral or Oral Iron Supplementation on Fatigue, Sleep, Quality of Life and Restless Legs Syndrome in I…
- In 171 adults with mild insomnia, a blend containing magnesium taken for 2 weeks did not improve sleep or physical fatigue more than placebo, as both groups improved similarly.Exploring the Effect of Lactium™ and Zizyphus Complex on Sleep Quality: A Double-Blind, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Tr…
- In 160 women with breast cancer taking letterozole, 30,000 IU of vitamin D3 weekly for 24 weeks did not significantly reduce joint symptom worsening on the main measure (37% vs 51%), and the abstract does not report a fatigue result.Randomized trial of vitamin D3 to prevent worsening of musculoskeletal symptoms in women with breast cancer receiving ad…
- In 158 people with multiple sclerosis and significant fatigue, 1 mcg of alfacalcidol daily for six months reduced fatigue scores more than placebo (41.6% vs 27.4% decrease).Effect of Alfacalcidol on multiple sclerosis-related fatigue: A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study.
- In men aged 70 and older with low testosterone and mobility problems, a combined program of strength training, testosterone, and vitamin D, calcium and protein supplements for 20 weeks reduced tiredness compared with no intervention, though the vitamin D effect could not be separated from the other parts of the program.Beneficial effects of exercise, testosterone, vitamin D, calcium and protein in older men-A randomized clinical trial.
- In 148 frail men aged 70 and older with low testosterone, over one year, only the group receiving testosterone plus strength training (which also took vitamin D, calcium and protein supplements) reported less fatigue than controls; vitamin D was not tested on its own.Testosterone and resistance training improved physical performance and reduced fatigue in frail older men: 1 year follow…
- In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of 144 non-anemic women with unexplained fatigue, 80 mg daily of oral iron for 4 weeks reduced fatigue more than placebo, with the benefit seen mainly in women with low or borderline ferritin.Iron supplementation for unexplained fatigue in non-anaemic women: double blind randomised placebo controlled trial.
- In a placebo-controlled trial of 130 vitamin D-deficient young women with premenstrual syndrome, 2,000 IU vitamin D every other day for 12 weeks did not reduce fatigue more than placebo, although fatigue fell within the vitamin D group.The Effect of Vitamin D Supplement Consumption on Premenstrual Syndrome in Vitamin D-Deficient Young Girls: A Randomized…
- In 120 people with fatigue and low vitamin D, a single 100,000-unit oral dose of vitamin D3 reduced fatigue more than placebo over 4 weeks, with 72% of the vitamin D group reporting improved fatigue versus 50% on placebo.Effect of vitamin D3 on self-perceived fatigue: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial.
- In 112 women with postpartum anemia taking 600 mg daily of ferrous fumarate for 4 weeks, adding folic acid did not change fatigue scores or health status compared with iron alone.A randomized controlled trial examining the addition of folic acid to iron supplementation in the treatment of postpartu…
- In 110 premenopausal women with iron-deficiency anemia from fibroids, both groups took 325 mg iron three times daily for 12 weeks, and adding a goserelin injection raised blood hemoglobin more than a sham injection did; the abstract does not test iron alone against no iron and reports no energy or fatigue result.Goserelin acetate 10.8 mg plus iron versus iron monotherapy prior to surgery in premenopausal women with iron-deficiency…
- In 110 people with fibromyalgia, 3 months of a supplement with coenzyme Q10, tryptophan and magnesium did not significantly reduce fatigue (placebo improved significantly), though pain, sleep and overall impact improved.Effects of Coenzyme Q10, Tryptophan, and Magnesium Supplementation on Fatigue in Patients with Fibromyalgia - A Randomiz…
- In 100 pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia over 12 weeks, intravenous ferric carboxymaltose gave greater fatigue improvement than iron sucrose and needed fewer visits.Comparison of ferric Carboxymaltose and iron sucrose complex for treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy- rando…
- In 98 adults with inflammatory bowel disease in remission, 4 weeks of magnesium plus B vitamins reduced fatigue more than placebo, and also lowered ulcerative colitis symptom scores but not Crohn's disease scores.Effects of B vitamins and magnesium on fatigue, disease activity and quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease.
- In 97 people with inflammatory bowel disease and iron deficiency anemia, fatigue scores improved over 5 weeks after intravenous iron with both products, but improvement was slower and smaller with ferric carboxymaltose.Hypophosphataemia following ferric derisomaltose and ferric carboxymaltose in patients with iron deficiency anaemia due …
- In 97 people with inflammatory bowel disease and iron deficiency anemia, intravenous iron over about 10 weeks improved vitality scores, a measure of energy, with larger gains after ferric derisomaltose than ferric carboxymaltose.Hypophosphatemia attenuates improvements in vitality after intravenous iron treatment in patients with inflammatory bowe…
- In adults with moderate kidney disease, 8,000 IU of vitamin D a day for 12 weeks did not change fatigue compared with placebo.High doses of cholecalciferol alleviate the progression of hyperparathyroidism in patients with CKD Stages 3-4: results …
- In 94 adults, a 4-week high-calcium diet was compared with a DASH-type diet and the abstract reports mood benefits only for the low-sodium, high-potassium diet, not for the high-calcium diet.Dietary electrolytes are related to mood.
- In 91 people with chronic fatigue syndrome after COVID-19 or vaccination and low vitamin D, a 12-week program of 25 mcg daily vitamin D with diet, sun, and exercise guidance reduced symptom counts more than vitamin D alone, with 16 participants no longer meeting diagnostic criteria versus 1 in the control group.Vitamin D in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome After COVID-19 or Vaccination: A Randomized Controlled T…
- In 90 premenopausal women with fatigue and low ferritin, one 800 mg intravenous iron dose cut fatigue more than placebo only in women with ferritin of 15 or lower, where 82% of iron-treated women reported improvement; the overall difference was not significant.Intravenous iron for the treatment of fatigue in nonanemic, premenopausal women with low serum ferritin concentration.
- In 88 adults with drug-resistant epilepsy and low vitamin D, a placebo-controlled 3-month period showed no fatigue or seizure benefit from vitamin D3, but over a longer open-label period fatigue and quality of life scores improved significantly.Vitamin D deficiency and effect of treatment on seizure frequency and quality of life parameters in patients with drug-r…
- In 86 people with mental fatigue, a single dose of homeopathic potassium phosphate taken before an attention test did not work better than placebo, though the test's ceiling effect limits the result.Homeopathy for mental fatigue: lessons from a randomized, triple blind, placebo-controlled cross-over clinical trial.
- In 85 female blood donors, one 1000 mg intravenous iron isomaltoside dose raised hemoglobin more than placebo, but fatigue differences were only numerical and the trial was not powered for symptoms.Intravenous iron isomaltoside improves hemoglobin concentration and iron stores in female iron-deficient blood donors: a…
- In 80 adults with fatigue or neuropsychiatric symptoms after COVID-19, 60,000 IU of vitamin D given weekly for 8 weeks reduced fatigue more than placebo, along with some anxiety and cognitive test gains.Effects of an 8-week high-dose vitamin D supplementation on fatigue and neuropsychiatric manifestations in post-COVID sy…
- In 75 African American adults with type 2 diabetes, taking 4000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for one year did not improve fatigue, mood, or walking ability compared with 600 IU daily.The effect of vitamin D supplementation on mental and functional health outcomes in African Americans with type 2 diabet…
- In 68 people with multiple sclerosis, 20,000 IU of vitamin D3 weekly for 96 weeks produced no significant difference in fatigue compared with placebo.Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on relapses, disease progression, and measures of function in persons with multiple…
- In 64 women with polycystic ovary syndrome, 10 weeks of magnesium improved the energy and fatigue score and total quality of life compared with placebo.The effects of magnesium supplementation on abnormal uterine bleeding, alopecia, quality of life, and acne in women with…
- In 53 female athletes with low iron stores, 20 mg iron plus a probiotic raised ferritin more than iron alone but not significantly, and increased vigor at 12 weeks, with no clear effect on physical performance.The Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on Iron Status and Physical Performance in Female Iron-Deficient Athletes: A …
- In 50 people with chronic fatigue syndrome, high-dose vitamin D3 given every 2 months for 6 months did not improve fatigue scores compared with placebo.Effect of intermittent vitamin D3 on vascular function and symptoms in chronic fatigue syndrome--a randomised controlled…
- In 49 patients after colon surgery, magnesium oxide (1 g every 12 hours) did not change fatigue or bowel recovery compared with placebo.Effect of the laxative magnesium oxide on gastrointestinal functional recovery in fast-track colonic resection: a double…
- In 46 active men, 2000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 12 weeks lowered fatigue index scores and improved aerobic capacity and power compared with placebo.Effects of vitamin D3 supplementation for 12 weeks on serum levels of anabolic hormones, anaerobic power, and aerobic pe…
- In 45 people with COPD and weight loss, 12 weeks of a nutrition drink containing 10 mcg vitamin D3 and omega-3 fatty acids reduced exercise-induced fatigue more than an isocaloric comparator drink.Targeted medical nutrition for cachexia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized, controlled trial.
- In 44 children with sickle cell disease or who were healthy, daily vitamin D3 at 4,000 or 7,000 IU for 12 weeks significantly reduced fatigue and improved physical performance.Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Health-Related Quality of Life and Physical Performance in Children with Sickle Cell …
- In teenagers and young adults with lupus, 50,000 IU of vitamin D once a week for 24 weeks reduced fatigue related to social life compared with placebo.Vitamin D Supplementation in Adolescents and Young Adults With Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus for Improvement in …
- In a cluster randomized trial of 40 nursing home residents over 65, being encouraged to spend 20-30 minutes outdoors daily for two months in summer improved self-perceived mental health and vitality compared with before the summer, while the control group showed no change.Sunlight Exposure and Vitamin D Levels in Older People- An Intervention Study in Swedish Nursing Homes.
- In healthy older adults, a 12-week multi-ingredient supplement that included vitamin D did not change muscle fatigue measures compared with placebo, though it improved muscle strength and power.Effects of 12 Weeks of Essential Amino Acids (EAA)-Based Multi-Ingredient Nutritional Supplementation on Muscle Mass, Mu…
- In 32 people with chronic fatigue syndrome, weekly magnesium sulphate injections for 6 weeks led 12 of 15 treated patients to report benefit and better energy, versus 3 of 17 on placebo.Red blood cell magnesium and chronic fatigue syndrome.
- In 30 women with gynecological disease and anemia before surgery, 100 mg daily iron for at least 10 days raised hemoglobin but did not significantly reduce fatigue; adding Ninjin'yoeito reduced fatigue.Safety and efficacy of Ninjin'yoeito along with iron supplementation therapy for preoperative anemia, fatigue, and anxie…
- In 30 adults with hypertension, diabetes or high blood fats, drinking water with 80 mg of magnesium daily for 4 weeks improved body mass index, insulin, triglycerides and fatigue compared with placebo water.Effects of deep ocean-derived magnesium-enhanced water on metabolic diseases with microbiome changes.
- In 26 recreationally active women with iron deficiency but no anemia, one intravenous iron treatment compared with placebo improved fatigue scores at 4 weeks.Effect of intravenous iron therapy on exercise performance, fatigue scores and mood states in iron-deficient recreationa…
- In 24 adults with low parathyroid function, one month each of calcium citrate and calcium carbonate showed no difference in quality of life scores; the abstract does not report a fatigue difference.Calcium Citrate Versus Calcium Carbonate in the Management of Chronic Hypoparathyroidism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Cr…
- In 22 college-aged adults taking 350 mg of magnesium daily for 10 days, muscle soreness and perceived recovery improved compared with placebo, but performance gains did not reach statistical significance.Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Muscle Soreness and Performance.
- In 20 iron-depleted women without anemia, 6 weeks of iron supplements, compared with placebo, reduced muscle fatigue during repeated knee-extension exercise and raised muscle strength later in the test.Iron supplementation improves progressive fatigue resistance during dynamic knee extensor exercise in iron-depleted, non…
- In 20 active women with low iron stores, 100 mg of daily iron for 8 weeks raised maximal oxygen uptake above the placebo group and lowered blood lactate after exercise, though the rise in endurance time was not statistically significant.Effects of iron repletion on VO2max, endurance, and blood lactate in women.
- In 20 junior cyclists, a daily multi-nutrient tablet containing magnesium for 4 weeks led to faster fatigue recovery than a plain vitamin product, but magnesium was not tested alone.Studies concerning the ergogenic value of Cantamega-2000 supply in top junior cyclists.
- In 19 adults with sleep apnea, 4,000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 15 weeks did not change sleepiness, fatigue, or thinking tests compared with placebo, though it lowered some blood inflammation markers.Vitamin D Improves Selected Metabolic Parameters but Not Neuropsychological or Quality of Life Indices in OSA: A Pilot S…
- In 18 trained adults, three days of hydrogen-rich calcium powder lowered breathing rate and blood pH during exercise but did not change oxygen uptake compared with placebo.Application of Molecular Hydrogen as an Antioxidant in Responses to Ventilatory and Ergogenic Adjustments during Increme…
- In 18 iron-depleted female runners, 8 weeks of oral iron raised iron stores but did not improve endurance time to exhaustion compared with placebo.Effect of iron supplementation on endurance capacity in iron-depleted female runners.
- In a placebo-controlled trial of 16 iron-depleted female athletes, intramuscular iron injections raised serum ferritin but did not improve submaximal or maximal aerobic exercise performance compared with placebo over about 4 weeks.Effect of iron injections on aerobic-exercise performance of iron-depleted female athletes.
- In 16 trained men with two nights of short sleep, zinc magnesium aspartate had no effect on sleep, ratings of fatigue or morning weightlifting performance compared with placebo.Effects of Supplementing Zinc Magnesium Aspartate on Sleep Quality and Submaximal Weightlifting Performance, following T…
- In 15 iron-deficient elite runners, a single 500 milligram intravenous iron injection improved iron levels for 4 weeks but did not improve time to exhaustion compared with placebo.Effect of Intravenous Iron on Aerobic Capacity and Iron Metabolism in Elite Athletes.
- In a placebo-controlled trial of 14 distance runners without clinical iron deficiency, three 100 mg intravenous iron injections over 4 weeks reduced perceived fatigue and mood disturbance by week 6, without improving running performance.Four weeks of IV iron supplementation reduces perceived fatigue and mood disturbance in distance runners.
- In eight men doing calf contractions to exhaustion, calcium carbonate used as the control had no effect on time to fatigue, which was similar to the acid and alkaline trials, showing that changing muscle pH did not alter fatigue.The effect of pH on fatigue during submaximal isometric contractions of the human calf muscle.
- In eight men, a glucose drink lowered blood potassium during and after intense cycling, but it did not delay fatigue compared with placebo.A single oral glucose load decreases arterial plasma [K+ ] during exercise and recovery.
- In 7 well-trained runners, drinking a prescribed volume of a potassium-containing carbohydrate-electrolyte drink during 4 hours of recovery from a long run let them keep running about 16% longer later than drinking as much as they wanted.Influence of fluid intake pattern on short-term recovery from prolonged, submaximal running and subsequent exercise capa…
- In young women with premenstrual syndrome, 500 mg of calcium carbonate twice daily for 3 months reduced early tiredness compared with placebo.Effects of calcium supplement therapy in women with premenstrual syndrome.
- In a randomized trial of pregnant people in their second trimester with iron deficiency anemia, a 27 mg iron tablet over 4 weeks raised hemoglobin as much as 100 mg ferrous ascorbate, improved dizziness, fatigue and palpitations more, and caused no side effects.Efficacy and safety of emulsified microsomal ferric pyrophosphate vs. Ferrous Ascorbate in pregnancy with iron-deficienc…
- In people with fibromyalgia, 100 mg of magnesium daily for one month did not change fatigue more than placebo.Short-Term Magnesium Therapy Alleviates Moderate Stress in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinica…
- In an open-label quasi-randomized trial of 1066 women with postpartum anemia, the herbal formula Ninjin'yoeito reduced fatigue over 4 weeks, while oral iron did not, although both raised hemoglobin by similar amounts.A quasi-randomized controlled trial of Ninjin'yoeito for the treatment of postpartum anemia and the prevention of postpa…
- In active duty soldiers, a 90-day vitamin D3 supplement improved self-reported fatigue and sleep scores compared with a no-treatment control group.A Prospective Cohort Study of Vitamin D Supplementation in AD Soldiers: Preliminary Findings.
- In 92 patients with high blood pressure, magnesium at 320 mg a day reduced some complaints such as nervousness and sleep problems but had no effect on mental or physical fatigue.[Level of total and ionized magnesium fraction based on biochemical analysis of blood and hair and effect of supplemente…
- In 12 healthy volunteers breathing low-oxygen air, one intravenous iron sucrose dose or saline placebo before 8 hours of low oxygen did not change maximal exercise capacity overall.Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction does not limit maximal exercise capacity in healthy volunteers breathing 12% oxygen a…
- In 11 male runners, 4 days of calcium phosphate loading did not improve maximal aerobic capacity or time to exhaustion compared with placebo.Phosphate supplementation, cardiovascular function, and exercise performance in humans.
- Eight healthy young men taking 6 grams of potassium-magnesium aspartate over 24 hours before a hard cycling test lasted about as long to exhaustion as those given placebo, so no endurance benefit was seen.The effects of oral administration of salts of aspartic acid on the metabolic response to prolonged exhausting exercise …
- In patients with muscle symptoms from meds and low vitamin D, six months of vitamin D replacement raised blood vitamin D levels and reduced pain by 63% compared with untreated controls, with better quality of life, but energy and fatigue were not directly measured.Read the study on PubMed (36346279) →
- In a Sri Lankan tea plantation, anemic workers given iron picked significantly more tea over one month than those given placebo, and their daily activity levels also rose.Iron-deficiency anaemia and its effect on worker productivity and activity patterns.
- In 201 pregnant women with persistent iron deficiency, a single 1000 mg intravenous iron dose improved fatigue more than daily oral iron at weeks 3 and 6, and the women stayed non-anemic for longer.Intravenous ferric derisomaltose versus oral iron for persistent iron deficient pregnant women: a randomised controlled …
- In 88 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer, 9 weeks of weekly vitamin D3 plus omega-3 lowered fatigue scores and reduced inflammation markers, but vitamin D alone did not produce significant changes.The effects of Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D supplementation on the quality of life and blood inflammation markers i…
- In 85 women with severe fatigue after postpartum hemorrhage, a single 1200 milligram intravenous iron isomaltoside dose reduced physical fatigue more than oral iron over 12 weeks.Intravenous iron isomaltoside treatment of women suffering from severe fatigue after postpartum hemorrhage.
- In a single-arm study of 78 pregnant people with iron deficiency anemia, one 1000 mg intravenous dose of ferric derisomaltose raised mean hemoglobin by 1.3 g/dL by delivery and improved self-reported fatigue, with no major infusion reactions.Efficacy of Single-Dose Intravenous Ferric Derisomaltose for Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy.
- In 28 patients with advanced lung cancer and low performance status, a multidrug regimen that included vitamin D was followed by improved fatigue and other general symptoms in most patients; there was no control group.Somatostatin, retinoids, melatonin, vitamin D, bromocriptine, and cyclophosphamide in advanced non-small-cell lung cance…
- In breast cancer patients taking 400 mg of magnesium oxide daily for 4 weeks, fatigue was significantly reduced, though this single-group pilot study had no placebo comparison.A pilot phase II trial of magnesium supplements to reduce menopausal hot flashes in breast cancer patients.
- In an uncontrolled pilot study of 23 young women with iron deficiency anemia, 160 mg daily of ferrous sulfate for 8 weeks lowered fatigue scores and improved muscle endurance, but did not improve aerobic fitness or muscle strength.Efficacy of 8-week oral iron supplementation on fatigue and physical capacity in young women with iron deficiency anemia…
- In 20 adolescent girls with iron deficiency and fatigue, intravenous iron sucrose led to clinically meaningful fatigue improvement in 19 of 20 at 6 weeks, with no control group.Intravenous iron therapy in non-anemic iron-deficient menstruating adolescent females with fatigue.
- In an open-label pilot of 15 retired football players, a daily multi-nutrient supplement that included vitamin D for 6 months was followed by improved vigor at 3 months and better general health ratings, but without a placebo group.The effect of dietary supplements on the quality of life of retired professional football players.
- In 12 symptomatic, severely vitamin D-deficient adults given cholecalciferol, muscle mitochondrial function improved and all participants reported less fatigue; there was no control group and the dose and duration were not stated.Improving the vitamin D status of vitamin D deficient adults is associated with improved mitochondrial oxidative functio…
- In a small uncontrolled pilot of 10 homeless women taking alternate iron supplements for three months with nurse home visits, fatigue decreased and blood hematocrit rose, with few side effects.Side effects of alternative iron supplementation: a pilot study.
- In a large cohort of about 81,500 women aged 60 and older followed for a median of 16 years, higher magnesium intake was linked to a lower risk of frailty, with the top fifth of intake showing 12% lower risk than the bottom fifth.Total magnesium intake and risk of frailty in older women.
- In 530 older postmenopausal women, blood vitamin D levels were not clearly linked to energy or fatigue symptoms after adjustment; this was a measurement of existing levels, not a supplement trial.Vitamin D levels and menopause-related symptoms.
- In 186 cancer patients with iron deficiency, intravenous iron was followed by better quality of life, fatigue scores, and physical function, though there was no control group.Impact of Iron-Deficiency Management on Quality of Life in Patients with Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study (CAMARA Stud…
- Red blood cell magnesium was normal in 89 people with chronic fatigue syndrome, and a magnesium loading test in 6 of them found no deficiency, so the authors saw no reason to use magnesium treatment for this condition.Normal red cell magnesium concentrations and magnesium loading tests in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.
- In 82 people (41 with rheumatoid arthritis), vitamin D supplementation over about 9 months was linked with better fatigue scores, though the dose was not stated and there was no placebo group.Associations of Vitamin D Levels and Vitamin D Receptor Genotypes with Patient-Reported Outcome/Disease Activity in Pati…
- In a retrospective review of 58 stroke survivors with fatigue, all who were treated for low vitamin D had significant improvement in fatigue; there was no control group.Does Vitamin D Deficiency Predispose to Post Stroke Fatigue?
- In adults with hypophosphatasia, a higher calcium to phosphorus intake ratio was associated with more tiredness and fatigue, and very high or very low calcium intake was linked to more symptoms, based on a 7-day diary.Mineral Intake and Clinical Symptoms in Adult Patients with Hypophosphatasia.
- A survey of U.S. adults found that drinkers had higher energy intake than non-drinkers, but their diets were less nutrient dense, including for calcium; the survey did not test calcium for energy.Alcohol consumption and nutrient density of diets in the Nationwide Food Consumption Survey.
- In this comparison of 184 young Turkish women with painful periods and 184 without, women with painful periods had lower vitamin D levels, and those with low vitamin D reported more fatigue, depression and irritability. This was an observational association, not a supplement trial.Serum vitamin D concentrations in young Turkish women with primary dysmenorrhea: A randomized controlled study.
- This baseline analysis of 65 adults with self-reported gluten sensitivity on a gluten-free diet found low vitamin D intake and reported tiredness and fatigue among their symptoms, but it did not test vitamin D supplementation or its effect on energy.Dietary and symptom assessment in adults with self-reported non-coeliac gluten sensitivity.
- In 40 octogenarians with anemia and resistant heart failure, a combined treatment of erythropoietin and intravenous iron sucrose improved heart function, shortness of breath, and fatigue, though iron was not tested alone.Effect of correction of anemia with erythropoietin and intravenous iron in resistant heart failure in octogenarians.
- In a small cross-sectional pilot of 23 people with multiple sclerosis, vitamin D intake from food was only weakly and not clearly linked to physical capacity or fatigue.Is diet associated with physical capacity and fatigue in persons with multiple sclerosis? -Results from a pilot study.
- In 21 patients with inflammatory bowel disease who finished 8 weeks of oral liposomal iron, fatigue scores fell by an average of 9.2 points in an uncontrolled pilot study.Treatment of iron deficiency anemia with liposomal iron in inflammatory bowel disease: efficacy and impact on quality of…
Review Totals and Summary
Members Only10,802 reviews · 96% positive
Buyers are very positive about Tailwind Endurance Fuel powder, which carries about 10,107 ratings across the stores. Reviewers mostly praise it for steady energy on long efforts, a light taste and easy mixing, with only small complaints about packaging and cost. **What it did for them:** Buyers describe a noticeable lift and reliable fuelling on long sessions. One mountain biker says "You can actually feel it working!" and went from almost bonking to feeling strong. Another says "I use this on every long run and it's never let me down." A long-time user says they have used it for over 13 years and "would not be able to train and compete without it." The store summaries add that people report sustained energy over multi-hour runs, rides and hikes without stomach trouble, and that it helps them avoid cramping and bonking. Most reviewers describe consistent performance across different sports and conditions. **What they complain about:** Complaints are few. The store summaries mention that a small number of reviewers raise concerns about packaging durability and the cost per use. They say the negatives concern packaging and price rather than taste or stomach comfort. None of the written reviews here include a complaint. **Taste and mixing:** Reviewers like the lighter flavor. One who wanted something "lighter, less sweet" than Skratch says "I've really been liking the taste of Tailwind." The same reviewer felt thirstier after drinking Skratch but not with Tailwind Endurance. The store summaries say it mixes easily and tastes light and refreshing, with flavors that are not overly sweet. Watermelon-lime and raspberry are named as favorites. Nothing is said about pill size, since this is a powder. **Value for money:** Cost comes up only as a minor concern. The store summaries say a few reviewers mention the cost per use. No written review gives a price comparison or says it is poor value, so there is little more to say on this point. **Who it suits:** It seems to suit endurance athletes: mountain bikers, trail runners and long-distance runners, including people who train many hours a week and use it for efforts of 4 to 8 hours. It also suits people who want calories in a drink that is less sweet, "more like Nuun, but with calories," as one reviewer puts it. The store summaries add that people value the company's service, with one reviewer praising fast shipping and another mentioning a handwritten thank-you note. As one puts it, "Awesome company, super fast shipping, and amazing products." Nobody in the reviews says it did not suit them. The store pages state that 98% of reviewers would recommend it. **Other forms:** Reviews of other forms of the product, such as gummies or capsules, were left out. This summary covers the powder only.
Biohacker Summary
Members Only10 of 10 recommend it
Vitamin D is the main ingredient here, and all ten panelists spoke about it, with most recommending it or taking it themselves. They take it for general health, immune support, muscle, brain health and longevity, and several use it mainly in fall and winter when sun is low. Doses they gave range from 5,000 units daily, taken in the morning by two of them, to at least 10,000 units in winter from one, and several suggest testing blood levels first, with targets from 40 to 100. One advises taking it with dietary fat for better absorption, and one cautions that it may not be worth taking unless you are deficient. Magnesium is a smaller ingredient in this product, and many of the panel use it, mostly for sleep.
See all 10 biohackers →Hide the biohackers
Dr. Eric Berg · Vitamin D · warns
- Dr. Berg warns that the recommended daily intake for vitamin D is based on a massive error and that the actual necessary amount is closer to 8,895 IU, with millions remaining deficient.
- Recommends getting vitamin D levels tested to ensure they are between 50 and 70, as vitamin D is intimately involved in regulating prostate size.
- Recommends taking at least 10,000 IUs of vitamin D3 every single day in the winter, stating it is the most important vitamin to lower cancer risk.
- Recommends vitamin D to support the immune system, aiming for blood levels between 80 to 100 ng per ml.
- Identifies iron as the Achilles' heel of cancer, as it is needed for its DNA to replicate.
- Dr. Eric Berg states that magnesium supports energy, muscle function, and sleep, and that most of it is stored inside cells, making deficiencies harder to detect with a standard blood test.
- States that people need more potassium than any other mineral, yet most people aren’t getting enough.
- Notes that magnesium could also be a factor in preventing muscle cramps.
- Explains that potassium is essential for peristalsis, the pumping action through the colon, and without it, things can sit there, leading to constipation.
- Recommends taking no less than 10,000 IU's of vitamin D3 for osteoporosis, alongside magnesium and K2.
- Recommends increasing vitamin D to restore balance and support healthy blood pressure.
- Recommends magnesium, specifically magnesium glycinate, stating it is key for D3 and K2 to work and is probably more important than calcium for building bone.
- Recommends increasing magnesium to restore balance and support healthy blood pressure.
- Explains that the normal requirements for potassium are 4,700 mg every single day, and that very few people get half of that amount. They describe potassium's role in the sodium potassium pump, which is essential for cellular electricity, muscle contraction, and heart function. Deficiency can lead to tiredness, muscle cramps, heart palpitations, or rising blood pressure.
Dave Asprey · Vitamin D · uses
- Takes Vitamin DAKE from Suppgrade Labs.
- Mentions magnesium in the context of sleep but states that it doesn't address the core issue of waking up during the night.
- Suggests that vitamin D supports brain health, muscle function, and focus.
- Suggests that magnesium may help slow aging, support cellular repair, and improve sleep.
- States that magnesium can affect how the body responds to a supplement.
- Host Dave Asprey explains why correcting a vitamin D deficiency still makes sense for male fertility, even though supplementation did not improve overall semen parameters in a randomized trial.
- States that currently, he is only taking vitamin C and vitamin D.
- Recommends fixing sleep with 300mg of Magnesium 101 before bed if diet and exercise aren't melting stubborn belly fat.
- Dave Asprey says his daily routine includes magnesium as part of a carefully developed combination for longevity.
- Recommends vitamin D, noting it's actually a hormone and that most people are deficient, even those who take it, because they don't take enough.
- Recommends magnesium glycinate for sleep, stating that trials show it helps people fall asleep about 17 minutes faster and that he finds it incredibly effective.
- States that most people on the spectrum are low in vitamin D and need more of it, mentioning his own product, Vitam DAKNE, which contains real vitamin A.
- Mentions magnesium glycinate as one of the five gut-friendly, extensively researched ingredients in Kill Switch that helps with natural sleep.
- Dave Asprey recommends Vitamin D3 with K2, explaining D3 is a hormone made from sunlight and K2 directs calcium into bones, not arteries, highlighting its low cost, widespread deficiency, and the ability to test its effectiveness.
Siim Land · Vitamin D · recommends
- Advises against taking vitamin D in the morning with other supplements because it is fat soluble and requires dietary fat for better absorption.
- Recommends taking Vitamin D with fat for better absorption.
- States that Magnesium can be a useful addition for some people for sleep.
- States that Vitamin D connects biology to light and that UVB reaching the skin enables its production.
- Mentions that iron is a mineral necessary for making collagen.
- Recommends magnesium for sleep, especially deep sleep, and suggests trying better types like Threonate, Biscinate, or Torate, referencing a study where magnesium supplementation improved deep sleep.
- Recommends Magnesium for blood pressure, migraines and deficiency, based primarily on human research, especially randomized controlled trials showing measurable benefits.
- Lists Magnesium as one of 15 supplements backed by human studies.
- States that magnesium is a fundamental mineral governing over 600 enzymes and metabolic reactions, and recommends that most people need at least 400-500 mg/d for health, with some needing up to 600 mg/d.
- Lists seafood and pumpkin seeds as sources of Magnesium.
- Lists potatoes and fruit as sources of Potassium.
- Lists dairy and sardines as sources of Calcium.
- Thinks vitamin D has some of the strongest evidence and is worth considering.
- Notes that Vitamin K2 pairs well with vitamin D by regulating calcium and bone mineralization.
Ben Greenfield · Vitamin D · recommends
- Notes that Vitamin D is actually a hormone and recommends patients aim for levels around 40 to 50, or even 60 for fracture healing, for optimal healing, as opposed to just above 20 which is considered normal.
- Uses magnesium during surgery because it is neuroprotective.
- Says he is drinking LMNT, which contains sodium, potassium, and magnesium, and states that he actually drinks this stuff.
- Says he is drinking LMNT, which contains sodium, potassium, and magnesium, and states that he actually drinks this stuff.
- Mentions vitamin D as part of a bare-minimum protocol.
- Advises getting vitamin D levels between 60 and 100 nanograms per milliliter as a minimum step for overall health and to slow down heart disease.
- Mentions magnesium as part of a bare-minimum protocol.
- Advises getting red blood cell magnesium levels to the high end of the range as a minimum step for overall health and to slow down heart disease.
- Recommends supplementing with magnesium threonate if one is low in magnesium, as it crosses the blood-brain barrier and is demonstrated to increase hippocampus plasticity, theoretically making one smarter and improving memories.
- Uses Magnesium Breakthrough from BIOptimizers as part of their daily stack, taking four capsules in the evening to support relaxation, recovery, and a good night of sleep.
- Has been taking Vitamin D3 K2 for over a decade.
- Recommends Celtic Sea Salt's new electrolyte drink "Hydrate" for replacing electrolytes and trace minerals lost through sweat, noting it contains 70 naturally occurring trace minerals, plus magnesium, taurine, and potassium.
- Recommends Celtic Sea Salt's new electrolyte drink 'Hydrate' for replenishing electrolytes and trace minerals lost through sweat, noting it contains 70 naturally occurring trace minerals, magnesium, taurine, and potassium, with no added sugar, artificial colors, or synthetic ingredients.
- Had heart palpitations when he was really overdoing magnesium, not knowing what he was taking.
Dr. Mark Hyman · Vitamin D · recommends
- Recommends Vitamin D for health, stating that amazing things happen when patients' vitamin D statuses reach optimal levels.
- Recommends considering magnesium glycinate before bed for nervous system support, deeper sleep quality, and to help the body transition into rest, and states that they take it every night.
- Mentions vitamin D as an existing biomarker that plays a role in mental health, which Function Health includes in their measurements.
- Mentions iron as an existing biomarker that plays a role in mental health, which Function Health includes in their measurements.
- Recommends Magnesium Breakthrough Advanced 10 from Bioptimizers for restful sleep, muscle recovery, stress resilience, and metabolic health, especially during stressful times of the year.
- Notes that vitamin D plays a role in immune function.
- Warns that potassium bromate, a dough conditioner banned in the EU, UK, and Canada, is still allowed in U.S. bread.
- Recommends magnesium because it is involved in over 600 reactions in the body and up to 80% of people may have low levels that never get flagged on a standard blood test.
- Recommends magnesium as a basic supplement during detoxification to support pathways, help with constipation, and provide electrolytes.
- Recommends checking vitamin D levels and states that if they had to pick one single intervention for immune health, vitamin D would be it.
- Dr. Hyman discusses vitamin D in relation to sun exposure patterns.
- States that vitamin D supplementation can help with oxidative stress.
- Recommends Magnesium Breakthrough Advanced 10 from Biooptimizers, which contains 10 bioavailable forms and 550 mg of elemental magnesium, to support restful sleep, restorative sleep, muscle recovery, stress resilience, and metabolic health.
- Mentions vitamin D as a key nutrient for supporting immune function.
Thomas DeLauer · Vitamin D · uses
- Uses vitamin D3 in the fall and winter months when getting less sun, as it's important to supplement it then.
- Uses Element's cans which contain 30 milligram magnesium, finding that electrolytes help his workout performance.
- Uses Element's cans which contain 100 milligram potassium, finding that electrolytes help his workout performance.
- Uses Element's 30 mg magnesium cans first thing in the morning to prime his day and help with workout performance.
- Uses Element's 100 mg potassium cans first thing in the morning to prime his day and help with workout performance.
- Recommends magnesium around the time one would normally break a fast to calm the brain and dull feelings of conditioned hunger.
- Recommends taking a massive amount of vitamin D simultaneously with an early morning massive breakfast to help reset circadian rhythms and address hyperphagia.
- Recommends Vitamin D, stating that it has receptors throughout the brain and deficiency can quickly impact brain and mood.
- Recommends magnesium, noting it is a cofactor for enzymes that build neurotransmitters, and deficiency can affect mood, happiness, and motivation.
- Takes supplemental vitamin D because he is skin sensitive and from northern latitudes, limiting his UV exposure.
- Notes that modern agricultural practices have led to soils depleted of trace minerals like magnesium, resulting in widespread magnesium deficiency.
- Recommends taking vitamin D on non-liver days to ensure both nutrients get proper receptor access.
- Recommends taking some magnesium glycinate tonight to help calm down and sleep.
- Takes Purity's liquid vitamin D3 with K2 because she is constantly inside during the day; D3 is for overall wellness and K2 helps the body absorb calcium properly.
Bryan Johnson · Vitamin D · uses
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 400 mg of Magnesium Threonate before bed for sleep.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 400 mg of Magnesium L-Threonate before bed for sleep.
- Has had low iron for 11 years and despite eating meat and trying all forms of iron supplementation at different times and sequences, none of it worked to raise his iron or ferritin levels.
- Had low iron for 11 years, with ferritin averaging 38 ng/mL, and has finally boosted it back to healthy levels.
- Mentions that the sunlight assessment claims low vitamin D levels cause the immune system to misfire, and notes that their vitamin D has been measured.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for longevity.
- Takes 400 mg of Magnesium Threonate before bed for sleep.
- He takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- He takes 400 mg of Double Wood Magnesium L-Threonate before bed for sleep.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 400 mg of Magnesium L-Threonate before bed for sleep.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for longevity.
Dr. Rhonda Patrick · Vitamin D · neutral
- Vitamin D supplementation was linked to a 40% lower risk of dementia in an observational study of more than 12,000 older adults.
- Magnesium supplementation has lowered blood pressure in randomized controlled trials. An analysis of 34 trials involving over 2,000 participants found modest reductions in both systolic and diastolic pressure, with a median dose of 368 mg/day.
- Warns that some magnesium supplements make the dose look much larger than it really is and that labels can fool people.
- Mentions that vitamin D also plays a role in maintaining muscle mass.
- Mentions magnesium as an important nutrient component for testosterone.
- Recommends ensuring adequate vitamin D intake for men's sperm health.
- Warns that some supplement companies mislead consumers by listing the total compound weight of magnesium citrate as the elemental magnesium dose, when the actual elemental magnesium content is much lower, potentially around 44-66 milligrams.
- Vitamin D and strength training alone did not, but adding them strengthened the effect on one clock, with the full combination slowing that measure by ~3.8 months.
- States there is not yet strong, consistent evidence that magnesium supplementation reliably improves sleep, noting that while some meta-analyses suggest it can improve sleep quality scores, sleep efficiency, and sleep duration, individual studies are inconsistent and several have found no meaningful effect.
- Lutein and zeaxanthin can also be obtained from certain multivitamins.
- States that magnesium may help modestly lower blood pressure by playing an important role in regulating vascular tone and influencing calcium signaling, with studies showing a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 2 mmHg at a dose of around 370 mg/day for about 3 months.
- Recommends considering magnesium to improve mood.
- Recommends Vitamin D, noting it regulates over 5% of the genome, including genes involved in immune defense, neurotransmitter synthesis, and longevity, and correcting deficiency may slow epigenetic aging.
- Recommends Magnesium, stating that roughly half of Americans don’t get enough and it is a cofactor for over 300 biological processes, including DNA repair and energy production.
Andrew Huberman · Vitamin D · neutral
- Notes that most people are probably deficient in vitamin D and benefit from supplementing, but there's no point in doing it unless you're deficient for most things.
- Discusses Magnesium Threonate as a tool for falling asleep.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for longevity.
- Takes 400 mg of Magnesium Threonate before bed for sleep.
- Uses Element, an electrolyte drink with sodium, magnesium, and potassium in correct ratios and no sugar, to ensure adequate hydration and electrolytes, especially when starting days fast or during physical exercise.
- Uses Element, an electrolyte drink with sodium, magnesium, and potassium in correct ratios and no sugar, to ensure adequate hydration and electrolytes, especially when starting days fast or during physical exercise.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- States that Vitamin D is one of the critical nutrients with the best evidence for cognitive function and reducing the risk of dementia.
- States that Iron is one of the critical nutrients with the best evidence for cognitive function and reducing the risk of dementia.
- Takes 400 mg of Magnesium L-Threonate before bed for sleep.
- Confirms that magnesium is absolutely important for cognitive function, noting studies show those with lower magnesium intakes tend to perform less well on cognitive function tests, and it's related to brain changes over time and dementia risk.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning.
- Takes 400 mg of Double Wood Magnesium L-Threonate before bed for sleep.
- He takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for overall health.
Peter Attia · Vitamin D · uses
- Lists vitamin D as one of her staple supplements.
- States there is some evidence that increasing dietary potassium through potassium-rich foods like bananas and potatoes, rather than supplements, can lower blood pressure.
- Peter reviews the evidence for select off-label medications and supplements commonly used for sleep, including glycine, magnesium, ashwagandha, and phosphatidylserine.
- Suggests that zinc and magnesium could potentially help with vasodilation and sleep, particularly for women experiencing severe symptoms in the luteal phase.
- Notes that several studies show patients taking vitamin D can reduce TPO levels and prolong the honeymoon period of Hashimoto's disease.
- Peter discusses electrolytes and fiber and the ketogenic diet, specifically preventing magnesium loss.
- States that in mouse studies, there was a combined effect of alpha ketoglutarate with vitamin D for both sexes.
- Uses vitamin D as an example of how people might dismiss its efficacy due to failed clinical trials that didn't adjust the dose or measure levels.
- In mouse studies, Peter Attia's team found a combined effect of AKG with Vitamin D for both sexes.
- Suggests that supplementing with lots of vitamin D might help overcome the negative effects of phenytoin on bone health by improving calcium absorption, though he is unaware of studies on this.
- Recommends Vitamin D3 as one of the 'big three' micronutrients for bone health, suggesting a daily intake of 800 to 1,000 IU, which can be obtained through sunlight or supplementation.
- Recommends magnesium as one of the 'big three' micronutrients for bone health, suggesting a daily intake of 300 to 500 milligrams as a minimum, and personally aims for about a gram of supplemental magnesium.
- Recommends calcium as one of the 'big three' micronutrients for bone health, suggesting a daily intake of 1,000 to 1,200 milligrams, which can be supplemented with calcium carbonate or calcium citrate.
- Suggests that supplementing with lots of vitamin D might overcome the negative effects of phenytoin on bone health by counteracting increased catabolism of vitamin D and subsequent decreased calcium absorption.
RAL Summary
Members OnlyTier 3 for Energy
Tier 3 rests on strong reviews, with 96% of 10802 reviews positive. Study support is thin, because the evidence covers only trace minerals at doses below those that worked in studies [1][3].
- Vitamin D: amount hidden in a blend
- Calcium: trace amount
- Iron: amount hidden in a blend
- Magnesium: below the dose that worked in studies
Where the evidence disagrees: 44 of the 121 human studies found no effect.
More Details
Members OnlyBody systems · Combine with · Possible side effects
Body systems: Muscular system, Metabolic system, Cardiovascular system
Combine with: If you use this product for endurance training, pair it with a separate cellular-health stack for the anti-aging goal. Options include NAD+ precursors such as nicotinamide riboside or NMN to support cellular energy metabolism and sirtuin activity; trans-resveratrol or pterostilbene with a fat source for better absorption; CoQ10 (ubiquinol) and PQQ for mitochondrial support; alpha-lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine or glutathione to bolster antioxidant defenses; omega-3 fatty acids (EPA/DHA) to reduce inflammation; and vitamin D3/K2, magnesium, and folate/B12 (methylated) for DNA methylation and repair pathways. Spermidine, fisetin, and quercetin are also studied for autophagy and senescence support. For endurance sessions, adding magnesium, potassium, and a small amount of protein or amino acids can improve recovery. Consult a healthcare provider before starting new supplements, especially if you have blood pressure or blood sugar concerns, since this product contains sodium and fast-acting carbohydrates.
Possible side effects: No major side effects reported. One large diet trial linked a low-salt, high-potassium diet to more fatigue, but that is far beyond this product's amount.
Supplement Facts
Vitamin D 0 mcg · Calcium 27 mg · Potassium 90 mg
| Total Fat | 0 g | |
| Saturated Fat | 0 g | |
| Trans Fat | 0 g | |
| Cholesterol | 0 mg | |
| Sodium | 310 mg | |
| Total Carbohydrate | 25 g | |
| Dietary Fiber | 0 g | |
| Total Sugars | 25 g | |
| Added Sugars | 25 g | |
| Protein | 0 g | |
| Vitamin D | 0 mcg | |
| Calcium | 27 mg | |
| Potassium | 90 mg | |
| Iron | 0 mg | |
| Magnesium | 12 mg |
Other ingredients: Dextrose (Glucose)*, Cane Sugar*, Citric Acid, Sodium Citrate, Sea Salt, Potassium Chloride, Organic Mandarin Orange Flavor, Calcium Carbonate, Magnesium Oxide. *Non-GMO.
Directions: Mix 2–3 scoops with 20–24oz (590–710ml) water per hour for longer efforts, or 1–2 scoops per hour for shorter ones. Adjust to taste and energy needs. Sip often and enjoy the journey.
Barcode (UPC) 850039211386 · Label source: Reverseagelab · Report a label change
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Graded November 6, 2026 by the Reverse Age Lab evidence engine, from human studies, real reviews and our biohacker panel. How we grade. Is this medical advice? No. Rala organizes the published evidence; go over any change with your doctor, especially if you take meds.
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