Spring Valley Prenatal Multivitamin with DHA & Folic Acid Adult Gummy Review
Spring Valley Prenatal Multivitamin Gummies with DHA and Folic Acid, 90 Count is listed on Walmart as an adult gummy prenatal multivitamin with DHA and folic acid. The product is sold by Walmart.com and the page shows a single 90 count bottle at a price of $8.94, with a subscription option and a one-time purchase option. The key item features listed on the page state that the product contains DHA and folic acid, comes in 90 gummies per bottle, and is a prenatal health multivitamin. The page says the gummies have natural fruit flavors and are intended to support overall wellness before, during, and after pregnancy. The page describes the product as a Spring Valley adult gummy, meaning it is made for adults rather than children. The item is listed in the Spring Valley vitamins category on Walmart. The About this item, Product details, Specifications, Indications, Directions, and Ingredients sections on the page are empty in the scraped text, so no full label, serving size, or directions are available from this page. The page also shows a multipack option of three bottles at $22.64, and a separate listing for a 3 pack of the same product. Customers rated the product 4.7 out of 5 stars across 2,250 ratings and 382 reviews. The page includes a sponsored listing for a different prenatal gummy product, which is not this item.
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Study, Trial or Testing Result Summary
Members Only191 human studies · 76 improved
2 of these 191 human studies gave the ingredient by drip, not by mouth.
At the full serving, vitamin C reaches the studied amount of 100 mg only at three gummies a day. In postmenopausal women, that dose improved memory but did not change menopause quality of life [1]. Vitamin C did not change sex hormones in another trial [2]. Its pain benefits in endometriosis came from much higher doses taken with vitamin E [3]. Vitamin D reaches a studied dose at two gummies. It lowered male-type hormones and raised ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome [4]. It also eased premenstrual mood symptoms in young women low in vitamin D [5]. However, a large review found too little evidence that it helps premenstrual mood [6], and it did not help vaginal dryness after menopause [7]. Folate here is below the 5 mg dose that gave mixed results for hot flushes [8][9]. It is still above the daily recommended limit, so members can take less. Zinc, vitamin B6, omega-3, vitamin E and niacin are all well below the doses that helped premenstrual or menopause symptoms [10][6][11][12]. Animal and cell studies are never counted.
See all 191 studies →Hide the studies
- In ten observational studies of over 1.28 million postmenopausal women, vitamin D supplement use was associated with osteoporotic fracture, but this does not show that it prevents fractures and the direction was not stated.Predictors of osteoporotic fracture in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis.
- Across 27 long-term studies of over 1.27 million people, the highest folate intake was linked to a 7% lower risk of breast cancer than the lowest, mainly for hormone receptor-negative breast cancer.Association Between One-carbon Metabolism-related Vitamins and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analy…
- Across observational studies of over 600,000 people, folate intake and blood levels showed no clear link to breast cancer risk in the better-designed prospective studies, regardless of menopausal or hormone receptor status.Folate intake and the risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- In a pooled analysis of cohort studies covering 319,077 adults, higher vitamin A intake slightly lowered total fracture risk but raised hip fracture risk, and low blood retinol was linked to more hip fractures.The Effect of Vitamin A on Fracture Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.
- In 54 observational studies of 39,471 women, those with polycystic ovary syndrome had similar dietary folic acid intake to women without it.Comparison of dietary and physical activity behaviors in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic …
- In a review of 19 randomised trials with 2290 women using progestin-only contraceptives, vitamin E (tested in one large trial in implant users) had no effect on bleeding patterns.Treatment of vaginal bleeding irregularities induced by progestin only contraceptives.
- Across 27 trials with 1,989 menopausal women, vitamin D improved handgrip strength but not knee extension strength.Effect of non-pharmacological interventions on the prevention of sarcopenia in menopausal women: a systematic review and…
- Across 20 randomized trials of 1961 women with polycystic ovary syndrome, vitamin D raised pregnancy and ovulation rates and lowered androgen, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and early miscarriage rates compared with controls, though study quality was limited.Effects of vitamin D supplementation on ovulation and pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic re…
- A reanalysis of 18 pooled cohort studies found that carotenoid intake was linked to lower risk of breast cancer without estrogen receptors, but beta-carotene was linked to higher risk of breast cancer with estrogen receptors.Reinterpretation of the results of a pooled analysis of dietary carotenoid intake and breast cancer risk by using the in…
- A pooled analysis of 19 observational studies found higher dietary antioxidant capacity linked to lower risk of polycystic ovary syndrome, infertility and pregnancy complications, but results were mixed for endometrial cancer and this was not a vitamin C supplement trial.Diet's total antioxidant capacity and women's health: systematic review and meta-analysis.
- In 32 placebo-controlled trials of various nutritional interventions in menopausal women, depression and anxiety symptoms improved overall, but vitamin D was only one of many interventions, one was combined with a weight-loss program, and results varied widely.Effects of nutritional interventions on the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms of women in the menopausal trans…
- In a review of 35 trials on urge incontinence in postmenopausal women, vitamin D was not effective for incontinence or other menopausal urinary symptoms, or gave contradictory results.Treatment of urge incontinence in postmenopausal women: A systematic review.
- In a network analysis of 16 trials in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, folic acid was only studied alongside inositol and no treatment significantly changed insulin resistance, so folate's own effect cannot be separated.Read the study on PubMed (42490840) →
- Pooling studies of women, higher blood vitamin B12 levels and higher dietary vitamin B12 intake were not significantly linked to lower breast cancer risk, though vitamin B6 levels and methionine intake were.Association of vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and methionine with risk of breast cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis.
- Pooling five randomized trials, young women with premenstrual syndrome taking zinc had significantly better physical and emotional symptoms than those on placebo, including less anger, anxiety and insomnia.A systematic review and meta-analysis examining the role of zinc supplementation in ameliorating physical and psychologi…
- Pooling four to five randomized trials, zinc supplements reduced total premenstrual symptom scores, emotional symptoms and physical symptoms in women of reproductive age, though trials were few and varied.Effect of zinc supplementation on premenstrual symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- A pooled analysis of randomized trials found omega-3 fatty acids reduced the severity of premenstrual syndrome in women, including physical and psychological symptoms, though results varied widely between studies and longer treatment worked better.Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on premenstrual syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- In a review of 31 trials of 3254 women with premenstrual syndrome, there was not enough evidence to support vitamin D for psychological symptoms, unlike vitamin B6, calcium and zinc.Effect of nutritional interventions on the psychological symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in women of reproductive age:…
- A review of 201 studies found food fortification raised blood nutrient levels and improved anemia markers in women and children, but vitamin A alone was not shown to affect women's hormones and evidence on illness and death was scarce.Micronutrient fortification of food and its impact on woman and child health: a systematic review.
- A review of seven randomized trials in women with endometriosis found that vitamin C (typically 1000 mg a day) with vitamin E lowered oxidative stress markers and pelvic pain and period pain, but did not raise pregnancy rates.Therapeutic Effects of Vitamins in Endometriosis Patients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
- In nine trials of postmenopausal women without osteoporosis, vitamin D with or without calcium raised blood vitamin D and improved bone turnover markers, but only one study showed fewer fractures, so a fracture benefit could not be confirmed.Supplementation of vitamin D isolated or calcium-associated with bone remodeling and fracture risk in postmenopausal wom…
- In 14 trials of nutrition and muscle health in middle-aged and older women, some studies of vitamin D, alone or with magnesium, found better muscle strength or function while others of vitamin D alone found no effect.Nutrition Interventions on Muscle-Related Components of Sarcopenia in Females: A Systematic Review of Randomized Control…
- In a review of 158 studies on complementary menopause therapies, vitamin D was supported as safe with high certainty and with moderate certainty for reducing fracture risk, though overall evidence remains limited.Complementary therapies for management of menopausal symptoms: a systematic review to inform the update of the Internati…
- A review of premenstrual syndrome treatments covered pyridoxine among many interventions, but the abstract gives no result for it.Premenstrual syndrome.
- A review of randomized trials of natural products for premenstrual syndrome suggested vitamin B6 may be effective, though the evidence was weaker than for calcium.Herbs, vitamins and minerals in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review.
- A review of 14 studies in women found vitamin B6 with magnesium reduced premenstrual anxiety but not when taken alone, while B6 alone reduced anxiety in older women.The impact of essential fatty acid, B vitamins, vitamin C, magnesium and zinc supplementation on stress levels in women:…
- A review of observational studies linked vitamin B6 and other nutrient deficiencies in postmenopausal women to higher risk of chronic disease, without testing B6 supplements specifically for hormone health.A systematic review on the impact of nutrition and possible supplementation on the deficiency of vitamin complexes, iron…
- A review of 11 controlled trials in pre-menopausal women found three controlled studies suggesting zinc helps depressive symptoms, though better trials are needed.Increasing iron and zinc in pre-menopausal women and its effects on mood and cognition: a systematic review.
- A review of 36 randomized trials in women found zinc improved insulin resistance and blood fat balance in polycystic ovary syndrome and seemed to reduce period pain, with little known about endometriosis or after menopause.The Role of Zinc in Selected Female Reproductive System Disorders.
- In 20,050 postmenopausal women followed a median of 7 years, calcium and vitamin D did not change how menopausal symptoms related to health outcomes such as stroke and cardiovascular disease.The severity of vasomotor symptoms and number of menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women and select clinical health …
- In 617 women with premenstrual symptoms treated for three cycles, pyridoxine did not beat placebo on individual symptoms but gave significantly greater overall improvement.Controlled trial of pyridoxine in the premenstrual syndrome.
- In 423 postmenopausal women with coronary disease, vitamin C (1000 mg a day) with vitamin E for about 2.8 years gave no heart benefit and suggested possible harm, with more deaths than placebo.Effects of hormone replacement therapy and antioxidant vitamin supplements on coronary atherosclerosis in postmenopausal…
- In 355 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, 1.8 g of omega-3 daily for 12 weeks did not reduce hot flashes, hot flash bother, sleep problems or mood symptoms any better than placebo.Efficacy of omega-3 for vasomotor symptoms treatment: a randomized controlled trial.
- In 300 women with chloasma (skin darkening), oral vitamins C and E for 3 months worked in 67% of those assessed, less than the 92.6% with acupuncture-based treatment.[Clinical research of chloasma treated with the meridian cosmetology and the impacts on estrogen and progestin].
- In 249 postmenopausal breast cancer patients taking aromatase inhibitors, 24 weeks of omega-3 lowered joint pain compared with placebo in obese women but not in non-obese women.Omega-3 fatty acid use for obese breast cancer patients with aromatase inhibitor-related arthralgia (SWOG S0927).
- In 180 postmenopausal women with mild memory impairment, 100 mg of vitamin C a day for 6 months improved cognitive scores and lowered beta-amyloid, but did not significantly change overall menopause quality of life.A randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of pyridoxine and ascorbic acid on cognitive function and qualit…
- In 180 postmenopausal women, 1000 mg of omega-3 daily for 12 weeks lowered menopausal symptom scores compared with placebo, similar to soybean, with no effect on blood lipids or thyroid hormone.The comparison of the effect of soybean and fish oil on supplementation on menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women: …
- In 164 postmenopausal women with frequent hot flushes, 5 mg of folic acid daily for 12 weeks did not significantly reduce hot flushes more than placebo, though quality of life scores improved at week 8.Folic acid supplementation in postmenopausal women with hot flushes: phase III randomised double-blind placebo-controlle…
- In 160 postmenopausal women, 1000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 9 months lowered triglycerides, insulin and insulin resistance, and cut the risk of metabolic syndrome compared with placebo.Vitamin D supplementation improves the metabolic syndrome risk profile in postmenopausal women.
- In 158 girls aged 15-21 with very low vitamin D, 4 months of vitamin D lowered premenstrual anxiety, irritability and sadness scores, while the placebo group showed no appreciable change.Vitamin D Supplementation for Premenstrual Syndrome-Related Mood Disorders in Adolescents with Severe Hypovitaminosis D.
- In 154 early postmenopausal cancer survivors given calcium and vitamin D in both groups, a year of exercise did not improve bone density versus home activity; the vitamin D effect itself was not tested.Effect of a randomized controlled exercise trial on bone outcomes: influence of adjuvant endocrine therapy.
- In 150 postmenopausal women, tibolone raised fat-free mass compared with hormone therapy or the calcium and vitamin D control, but vitamin D was given to all groups and was not the tested treatment.Comparative effects of continuous combined hormone therapy and tibolone on body composition in postmenopausal women.
- In 142 women aged 20-35 with premenstrual syndrome, 50 mg of elemental zinc from zinc sulfate taken in the second half of each cycle for three months cut moderate to severe premenstrual syndrome from 9.5% to 2.6% and improved quality of life, while placebo did not.Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized …
- In 141 middle-aged women with premenstrual syndrome, abdominal obesity and low vitamin D, vitamin D-fortified dairy for about 10 weeks raised blood vitamin D in everyone, but restless legs symptoms improved only in women with severe premenstrual syndrome, and not versus the control group.Effect of dairy products fortified with vitamin d3 on restless legs syndrome in women with premenstrual syndrome, abdomi…
- In 124 women starting a low-dose birth control pill, 150 mg vitamin B6 daily for 30 days did not reduce side effects significantly more than placebo.Effect of vitamin B6 on the side effects of a low-dose combined oral contraceptive.
- In a retracted randomized trial of 124 women with premenstrual syndrome, 2 grams of omega-3 daily for 3 months lowered depression, anxiety, nervousness, bloating and other symptoms compared with placebo.Evaluation of the effect of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: "a pilot trial".
- In 120 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and back pain, adding raloxifene to daily calcium and 800 IU vitamin D for one year did not change back pain or disability compared with calcium and vitamin D alone; vitamin D was not tested on its own.Does raloxifene treatment influence back pain and disability among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis?
- In 120 women with severe premenstrual syndrome, 300 mg of pyridoxine daily for 3 months cut symptoms by 45.3%, similar to the 39.4-46.1% reduction on placebo, and less than a med, propranolol or a med.A double-blind trial of four medications to treat severe premenstrual syndrome.
- In 115 women with breast cancer, vitamin E reduced hot flush frequency by only about 10% and hot flush score by about 7%, which was not significant, while a med cut them by 57% and 67%.Read the study on PubMed (19415540) →
- In 106 women with painful periods, 4 months of combined vitamin D and E cut pain scores from 7.85 to 3.75 versus 7.68 to 6.02 with placebo, and improved premenstrual symptoms.Effect of vitamin D and E supplementation on pain relief and premenstrual symptoms in primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized…
- In 100 postmenopausal women, 5 mg of folic acid daily for 8 weeks improved sexual desire, arousal, orgasm, satisfaction, pain and total sexual function more than placebo, but not lubrication.Effect of folic acid on the sexual function of postmenopausal women: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial.
- In 93 postmenopausal women starting breast cancer hormone-blocking therapy, high-dose vitamin D3 for a year raised blood levels but did not reduce joint pain (54% vs 57% developed it with standard dose), and the trial was stopped early.Randomized controlled trial of high-dose versus standard-dose vitamin D3 for prevention of aromatase inhibitor-induced a…
- In 92 premenopausal women with chloasma, vitamin C (600 mg a day) with vitamin E for 12 weeks worked in 55.8% and did not change sex hormones, less effective than the acupoint catgut embedding group at 88.6%.[Effect on clinical symptoms and mechanism of chloasma in premenopausal women with liver qi stagnation treated with acup…
- In 92 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, 2 years of active vitamin D3 (0.75 mcg daily) increased lower spine bone density versus calcium alone, and combining it with vitamin K2 gave a larger gain.Effect of combined administration of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 on bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in postmenopa…
- In 86 women before hysteroscopy, 4 mg of folic acid daily for 14 days was the comparison group and did not change endometrial thickness or reproductive hormones, unlike the progestogen nomegestrol acetate.The use of nomegestrol acetate in rapid preparation of endometrium before operative hysteroscopy in pre-menopausal women…
- In 85 late postmenopausal women, a chicken eggshell powder supplement with vitamin D and minerals for 12 months increased hip bone density by 1.75%, while the placebo group lost bone density.Positive effects of a chicken eggshell powder-enriched vitamin-mineral supplement on femoral neck bone mineral density i…
- In 81 women with cyclic breast pain before periods, a vitamin compound containing pyridoxine did not reduce pain more than placebo, which worked even better.[Pre-menstrual cyclic mastalgia].
- In 80 postmenopausal women with vaginal dryness, 40,000 IU of vitamin D weekly for 12 weeks did not improve vaginal health measures more than placebo, although some measures improved within the vitamin D group.Effect of Vitamin D Supplement on Vulvovaginal Atrophy of the Menopause.
- In 78 menopausal women at risk of bone loss, a daily dairy product enriched with vitamin C and other nutrients for 24 weeks kept bone density and improved bone markers compared with the unenriched product.A Dairy Product to Reconstitute Enriched with Bioactive Nutrients Stops Bone Loss in High-Risk Menopausal Women without …
- In 78 women with premenstrual syndrome, 80 mg of vitamin B6 daily for three menstrual cycles reduced symptoms with a medium effect and 60% were in full remission, similar to a broad micronutrient formula, with no placebo group.A Pilot Randomized Treatment-Controlled Trial Comparing Vitamin B6 with Broad-Spectrum Micronutrients for Premenstrual S…
- In 74 postmenopausal women over 1 year, adding cholecalciferol to estrogen-norethindrone did not change blood pressure or body mass index, and its effect on cholesterol and HDL ratio did not differ from placebo.Cardiovascular risk factors during estrogen-norethindrone and cholecalciferol treatment.
- Vitamin B6 was only used as a placebo in this trial of misoprostol before endometrial biopsy in 72 women, so it does not test B6 for women's hormones.Randomized trial of oral misoprostol before endometrial biopsy.
- In 69 female university students with premenstrual syndrome, 220 mg of zinc daily for 24 weeks reduced anger, anxiety, depressed mood, bloating, headaches and other symptoms compared with placebo.The Effect of Zinc Supplementation on the Improvement of Premenstrual Symptoms in Female University Students: a Randomiz…
- In 66 women with benign breast disease, a combination tablet containing vitamin C (60 mg a day in total) with beta-carotene, vitamin E and garlic taken for 6 months eased breast pain and period-related symptoms, helping 75.8% versus about 30% on placebo.[Study of an antioxidant dietary supplement "Karinat" in patients with benign breast disease].
- In 64 overweight or obese women with breast cancer history or breast disease, 2000 mg of DHA daily for 12 weeks raised red blood cell omega-3 levels but did not change breast tissue inflammation or aromatase markers compared with placebo.A Randomized Multicenter Phase II Study of Docosahexaenoic Acid in Patients with a History of Breast Cancer, Premalignan…
- In 61 postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease, vitamin C and E (1000 mg vitamin C a day) for up to 34 months did not improve blood vessel dilation, and hormone therapy did not either.Hormone therapy and antioxidant vitamins do not improve endothelial vasodilator function in postmenopausal women with es…
- In 61 perimenopausal women, 28 days of fermented buttermilk (250 ml a day) did not clearly lower blood fats, and the intervention group had higher total and LDL cholesterol, though estimated dairy phosphatidylcholine-containing fat intake was linked to higher HDL cholesterol.Estimated Habitual Dairy Polar Lipid Exposure and Post-Intervention Plasma Lipid Outcomes in Perimenopausal Women in Lat…
- In 60 women with endometriosis, 1000 mg of vitamin C plus 800 IU of vitamin E daily for 8 weeks lowered oxidative stress markers and reduced pelvic pain, painful periods and painful intercourse compared with placebo.The Effect of Combined Vitamin C and Vitamin E Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Markers in Women with Endometriosis: …
- In a randomized trial of 60 women with premenstrual syndrome, 100 mg of pyridoxine daily for 3 months significantly reduced symptom scores compared with a placebo tablet, with fewer side effects than bromocriptine.Role of bromocriptine and pyridoxine in premenstrual tension syndrome.
- In 60 young women with premenstrual syndrome, 30 mg of zinc gluconate for 12 weeks reduced physical and psychological symptoms and raised antioxidant capacity and a brain growth factor versus placebo, with no change in an inflammation marker.Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Physical and Psychological Symptoms, Biomarkers of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and…
- In 60 young women with premenstrual syndrome, 30 mg of zinc a day for 12 weeks improved the physical part of quality of life compared with placebo, but overall quality of life was not significantly different and sleep only marginally improved.Effect of zinc supplementation on quality of life and sleep quality in young women with premenstrual syndrome: a randomi…
- In 57 men and women eating a choline-poor diet for up to 6 weeks, 400 mcg of folic acid a day did not change the rate of liver or muscle problems, which was lower in premenopausal women than in men or postmenopausal women.Sex and menopausal status influence human dietary requirements for the nutrient choline.
- In 55 adolescent girls starting Depo-Provera, 500 mg of vitamin C daily for 6 months did not reduce bleeding days or change weight compared with placebo.Supplementation with vitamin C and/or vitamin B(6) in the prevention of Depo-Provera side effects in adolescents.
- In a double-blind trial of 55 women with moderate to severe premenstrual mood changes, 150 mg of vitamin B6 daily over two months improved dizziness, vomiting, poor performance and reduced social activity before periods, but a significant amount of physical and mood symptoms remained.The effects of vitamin B6 supplementation on premenstrual symptoms.
- In 54 postmenopausal women (40 completed), a vegetarian diet rich in omega-3 for 16 weeks reduced hot flashes and menopausal symptom scores more than a vegetarian diet rich in olive oil.Women in LOVe: Lacto-Ovo-Vegetarian Diet Rich in Omega-3 Improves Vasomotor Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women. An Explora…
- In 52 postmenopausal women with vaginal atrophy symptoms, a vitamin E vaginal suppository for 12 weeks improved sexual function scores about as much as estrogen vaginal cream.Vitamin E as alternative local treatment in genitourinary syndrome of menopause: a randomized controlled trial.
- In 51 postmenopausal women with hot flashes, L-methionine did not reduce hot flashes more than placebo over 12 to 20 weeks; everyone also took 1 mg of folate daily, so folate was not tested on its own.Effect of L-methionine on hot flashes in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.
- In 51 postmenopausal women, 50 mg of zinc a day for 8 weeks improved vitamin D3 status, and zinc levels were linked to lower leptin.Effectiveness of eight-week zinc supplementation on vitamin D3 status and leptin levels in a population of postmenopausa…
- In 51 postmenopausal women, 50 mg of zinc a day for 8 weeks raised folate and lowered homocysteine compared with placebo, while vitamin B12 changed the same in both groups.Effect of zinc supplementation on circulating concentrations of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate in a postmenopausa…
- In 51 postmenopausal women who started with low zinc, 8 weeks of zinc improved zinc status, and higher red blood cell zinc was linked to better antioxidant defenses.Erythrocyte Zn concentration and antioxidant response after supplementation with Zn in a postmenopausal population. A do…
- In a double-blind trial of 50 postmenopausal women, zinc-containing vaginal pessaries used nightly for 14 nights improved vaginal dryness, pain, burning and other genital symptoms more than placebo pessaries.Effect of zinc-containing pessaries on menopausal genitourinary syndrome, a double-blind randomised trial.
- In 22 postmenopausal women on a very low choline diet for up to 6 weeks, 18% given estrogen developed organ dysfunction versus 73% given placebo, showing lower estrogen raises choline needs; a gene variant also raised risk in premenopausal women.Dietary choline requirements of women: effects of estrogen and genetic variation.
- In 48 healthy postmenopausal women, folic acid for about 16 weeks lowered blood homocysteine (10.33 vs 13.21 micromol/l with placebo), though hormone symptoms were not measured.Folic acid supplementation reduces plasma homocysteine in postmenopausal women.
- In 48 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes, 40 mg of zinc daily for 12 weeks did not significantly change blood sugar, insulin resistance or HbA1c compared with placebo.Zinc transporter gene expression and glycemic control in post-menopausal women with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- In 46 women with premenstrual syndrome (41 finished), 400 IU of vitamin E daily for three cycles improved some mood and physical symptoms compared with placebo.Efficacy of alpha-tocopherol in the treatment of the premenstrual syndrome.
- In 46 postmenopausal women at high breast cancer risk, 4 g of omega-3 daily for one year improved triglycerides and HDL cholesterol but did not change IGF-1 or the other hormone, oxidative stress and inflammation markers measured.Administration of omega-3 fatty acids and Raloxifene to women at high risk of breast cancer: interim feasibility and bio…
- In 44 women over one menstrual cycle, 50 mg of vitamin B6 taken with 200 mg of magnesium reduced anxiety-related premenstrual symptoms more than placebo, while vitamin B6 alone showed no clear overall difference.A synergistic effect of a daily supplement for 1 month of 200 mg magnesium plus 50 mg vitamin B6 for the relief of anxie…
- In 43 postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure, 22 grams a day of blueberry powder for 12 weeks improved blood vessel function more than placebo; vitamin C was given only as an intravenous test, not as a supplement.Daily blueberry consumption for 12 weeks improves endothelial function in postmenopausal women with above-normal blood p…
- In a pilot study of 42 women taking a blend that includes vitamin B6 for three months, mood and affective symptoms improved within the supplement group, but there was no difference from placebo, suggesting a placebo effect.Effects of the PREMEN-CALM® in the Management of the Premenstrual Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controll…
- In 40 postmenopausal women on estrogen and progestin hormone therapy, taking 5 mg of folic acid daily for 3 months lowered blood homocysteine compared with placebo, while hormone therapy alone raised it.The effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy with or without folic acid supplementation on serum homocysteine level.
- In 38 postmenopausal breast cancer survivors taking estrogen-lowering drugs, 4 g daily of fish oil omega-3s for 3 months reduced bone breakdown compared with placebo in those who responded, but inflammation markers did not change.High-dose eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation reduces bone resorption in postmenopausal breas…
- In 37 women using a combined birth control pill, taking 1 gram of vitamin C a day did not raise blood levels of the pill's estrogen (ethinyl estradiol).Absence of an effect of high vitamin C dosage on the systemic availability of ethinyl estradiol in women using a combina…
- In 36 estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women, estradiol plus endurance exercise improved blood vessel function, while an intravenous vitamin C test infusion was used only to measure oxidative stress and was not given as a supplement.Essential role of estrogen for improvements in vascular endothelial function with endurance exercise in postmenopausal w…
- In 32 young adult women with acne flares before their period, a face product containing nicotinamide (plus two other ingredients) used on one half of the face for one menstrual cycle led to fewer inflammatory acne lesions than placebo on the other half (7.6 vs 9.4).Characteristics of premenstrual acne flare-up and benefits of a dermocosmetic treatment: a double-blind randomised trial…
- In 32 women who completed a six-month crossover trial of 50 mg daily pyridoxine, emotional symptoms such as depression, irritability and tiredness improved significantly compared with placebo, but other premenstrual symptoms did not.Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and the premenstrual syndrome: a randomized crossover trial.
- In a crossover trial of 28 postmenopausal women over 24 weeks, a polyunsaturated fatty acid supplement was followed by a progressive reduction in hot flushes, though the supplement arm had no separate placebo group and the dose was not stated.Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) might reduce hot flushes: an indication from two controlled trials on soy isoflavone…
- In 25 postmenopausal women with high homocysteine, 3 months of oral estradiol lowered homocysteine but also lowered blood vitamin B6 by about 25 to 38 percent compared with placebo; no vitamin B6 dose was given.Oral estradiol decreases plasma homocysteine, vitamin B6, and albumin in postmenopausal women but does not change the wh…
- In 20 postmenopausal women, a single 1650 mg dose of choline bitartrate did not change working memory performance but reduced brain activation in the right temporal lobe during a hard memory task compared with placebo.Oral Choline Reduced Working Memory-Related Brain Activation in Postmenopausal Women: A Pilot Study.
- In a small double-blind crossover trial of 8 college women taking birth control pills, 100 mg of vitamin B6 daily for 4 weeks lowered depression scores by about 20%, while placebo raised them by about 11%.Vitamin B6 Supplementation Reduces Symptoms of Depression in College Women Taking Oral Contraceptives: A Randomized, Dou…
- In a double-blind dose-response study of women with premenstrual syndrome, vitamin E eased symptoms in three of four symptom groups but did not change blood levels of testosterone, DHEA-S, estradiol or progesterone.The effect of alpha-tocopherol on premenstrual symptomatology: a double-blind study. II. Endocrine correlates.
- In postmenopausal women on sequential estrogen-progestin therapy, adding folic acid for 6 months did not lower blood homocysteine further beyond the reduction the hormone therapy already produced.Plasma homocysteine levels after hormone therapy with and without folic acid supplementation: a randomized study.
- Folic acid supplements taken for six months significantly lowered homocysteine in postmenopausal women; the abstract does not give the group size or dose.Effect of folic acid supplementation on homocysteine level in postmenopausal women.
- In a crossover trial where people ate diets providing about 100%, 50% and 25% of the adequate daily choline intake for 2 weeks each, blood betaine fell 32% on the lowest-choline diet, showing that betaine tracks choline intake, while blood phosphatidylcholine did not reliably track it; the study did not measure hormone outcomes.Two methods for assessment of choline status in a randomized crossover study with varying dietary choline intake in peop…
- In postmenopausal women in Indonesia and the Philippines, a milk drink fortified with calcium, vitamin D, magnesium and zinc over 4 months improved vitamin D status and lowered parathyroid hormone and bone turnover markers compared with placebo; the effect of zinc alone was not separated out.The effect of a fortified milk drink on vitamin D status and bone turnover in post-menopausal women from South East Asia…
- In 152 postmenopausal women with low bone mass, 9 months of calcitriol plus alendronate raised spine and femoral neck bone density more than calcium alone, though femoral density did not significantly improve in this group.Calcitriol and alendronate combination treatment in menopausal women with low bone mass.
- In 90 postmenopausal women, 3 months of drumstick or amaranth leaf powder raised blood vitamin C and antioxidant enzymes and lowered an oxidative stress marker, but vitamin C was not given on its own.Effect of supplementation of drumstick (Moringa oleifera) and amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) leaves powder on antioxidan…
- In 72 people, a low-choline diet changed the omega-3 DHA content of blood phosphatidylcholine, and this marker differed by sex and estrogen status, suggesting it may reflect liver choline-making activity, though no hormone outcome was measured.Docosahexaenoic acid in plasma phosphatidylcholine may be a potential marker for in vivo phosphatidylethanolamine N-meth…
- In 68 postmenopausal women, 850 mg of omega-3 daily for 16 weeks reduced moderate and severe hot flashes, with effects comparable to soy isoflavones.Omega-3 versus isoflavones in the control of vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women.
- In 46 postmenopausal women, 5 mg of folic acid daily for 4 weeks led significantly more women to report fewer hot flushes than placebo, along with a larger drop in a brain norepinephrine marker (24% vs 6%).Folic acid supplementation may cure hot flushes in postmenopausal women: a prospective cohort study.
- In a double-blind crossover study of 19 women with premenstrual tension and 19 symptom-free controls, vitamin B6 treatment did not significantly improve premenstrual symptoms compared with placebo, although a blood serotonin measure rose with treatment in both groups.Platelet serotonin uptake and effects of vitamin B6-treatment in premenstrual tension.
- In 36 women with early breast cancer, 2 to 4 weeks of fenretinide plus tamoxifen before surgery did not change cell growth or other tumor markers compared with placebo.Phase II clinical trial of N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)retinamide and tamoxifen administration before definitive surgery for brea…
- In women with premenstrual symptoms, adding vitamin B6 with a med and/or dydrogesterone did not significantly change blood sodium, potassium or hormone levels compared with women without symptoms.Hormones and electrolytes in premenstrual syndrome.
- In 32 postmenopausal women, 15 mg of zinc sulfate daily for 2 weeks did not significantly change serum estrogen or progesterone compared with no treatment.The effect of low dose zinc supplementation to serum estrogen and progesterone levels in post-menopausal women.
- In 30 young women with premenstrual symptoms, both groups took vitamin B6 and calcium daily for 3 months, and the group that also did treadmill exercise three times a week had lower symptom scores and lower prolactin, oestradiol and progesterone levels, but the study does not test vitamin B6 alone and does not report the control group's hormone changes.Effect of aerobic exercise on premenstrual symptoms, haematological and hormonal parameters in young women.
- In 29 breast cancer patients, high-dose vitamin D (10,000 IU daily) raised vitamin D levels, and the drop in the estrogen-like compound 27-hydroxycholesterol was not statistically significant compared with low-dose (400 IU daily).Vitamin D supplementation decreases serum 27-hydroxycholesterol in a pilot breast cancer trial.
- In 24 women, those using combined birth control pills and controls had similar vitamin B6 status markers when given 0.8, 2.0 or 20 mg of pyridoxine daily; 0.8 to 2.0 mg daily appeared enough to maintain normal levels.Urinary 4-pyridoxic acid, plasma pyridoxal phosphate, and erythrocyte aminotransferase levels in oral contraceptive user…
- In 24 women, 15 of whom used oral contraceptives, vitamin B6 repletion with 0.8 to 20 mg daily normalized most nutrition markers, but the tryptophan load test stayed abnormal in contraceptive users.Vitamin B6 requirements of women using oral contraceptives.
- In 24 women, birth control pill users and controls handled methionine similarly; 2.0 mg of pyridoxine daily restored normal methionine metabolism in both groups, while 0.8 mg did not.Metabolism of methionine in oral contraceptive users and control women receiving controlled intakes of vitamin B6.
- In pregnant women, vitamin A supplementation raised blood progesterone more than in unsupplemented women, while estrogen levels did not change.Effect of vitamin A supplementation of plasma progesterone and estradiol levels during pregnancy.
- In a small placebo-controlled study of women with premenstrual tension, a multivitamin and multimineral supplement that corrected vitamin B6 and magnesium deficiencies improved symptoms at the appropriate dose.Clinical and biochemical effects of nutritional supplementation on the premenstrual syndrome.
- This article proposes that folic acid may reduce hot flushes in postmenopausal women, based on a proposed brain-chemical mechanism and preliminary data. The abstract gives no participant numbers, doses, durations or results, so the claim that it cures hot flushes is unconfirmed.Folic acid supplementation cures hot flushes in postmenopausal women.
- In 897 adolescent girls given weekly high-dose vitamin D (50,000 IU cholecalciferol) for 9 weeks, the share with premenstrual syndrome fell from 14.9% to 4.8%, with fewer symptoms such as backache and crying.High dose vitamin D supplementation can improve menstrual problems, dysmenorrhea, and premenstrual syndrome in adolescen…
- In 76 women aged 60 and older with low bone density, adding a daily 1.0 mcg dose of alfacalcidol (a vitamin D form) to low-dose estrogen therapy for 2 years raised lumbar bone density more than estrogen therapy alone (8.75% vs 2.32% at 24 months).Randomized trial comparing low-dose hormone replacement therapy and HRT plus 1alpha-OH-vitamin D3 (alfacalcidol) for tre…
- In 49 postmenopausal women followed in an open-label extension for up to 5 years, calcium and vitamin D with or without estrogen therapy was linked to small increases in jawbone mass.Estrogen and/or calcium plus vitamin D increase mandibular bone mass.
- In 45 postmenopausal breast cancer patients with high CRP, a one-month combination of hydroxytyrosol, omega-3 and curcumin lowered CRP and reduced pain, in an open-label single-group study.A combination of hydroxytyrosol, omega-3 fatty acids and curcumin improves pain and inflammation among early stage breas…
- In 32 women with menopause-transition symptoms, taking 250 mg nicotinamide riboside plus 50 mg pterostilbene daily for 7 days significantly reduced how often and how strongly bloating, hot flashes and poor sleep occurred, with no placebo group for comparison.Nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene reduces frequency and severity of undesirable symptoms of the menopause transiti…
- In a pilot study of 37 postmenopausal women with vaginal symptoms, a zinc-containing vaginal gel used daily for 2 weeks improved vaginal health scores and reduced dryness, burning and pain, with few side effects; there was no control group.Zinc-containing Vaginal Moisturizer Gel Improves Postmenopausal Vulvovaginal Symptoms: A Pilot Study.
- In 30 menopausal women with moderate dry eye, 30 days of eye drops containing vitamin B12 and hyaluronic acid reduced dry eye symptoms and improved tear stability. The study had no comparison group, and the drops were applied to the eyes, not taken by mouth.Efficacy of hyaluronic acid 0.3%, cyanocobalamin, electrolytes, and P-Plus in menopause patients with moderate dry eye d…
- In an open-label trial of 20 women with depression during menopause, 2 grams of omega-3 daily for 8 weeks reduced depression scores and the number of hot flashes per day, though there was no placebo group.Omega-3 fatty acids for major depressive disorder associated with the menopausal transition: a preliminary open trial.
- In 15 healthy postmenopausal women, taking 7.5 mg of folic acid daily for one month improved blood vessel flexibility by 37% compared with before supplementation, though there was no placebo group.Endothelial function in post-menopausal women: effect of folic acid supplementation.
- In women aged 50 to 69, three retinol peel treatments with vitamin C increased skin surface oil on the face and neck, with no comparison group.Influence of the complex of retinol-vitamin C on skin surface lipids.
- In a large study of over 181,000 US nurses followed for up to 34 years, neither dietary nor supplemental vitamin C was linked to breast cancer risk, including among postmenopausal women and those using hormone therapy.Dietary and Supplemental Vitamin C Intake and Risk of Breast Cancer: Results from the Nurses' Health Studies.
- In about 38,000 Japanese women followed for 14 years, overall fish or omega-3 intake was not linked to breast cancer risk, but higher intake of the omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid was linked to lower risk of hormone-receptor-positive tumors, while higher omega-6 intake was linked to higher risk of those tumors.Fish, n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and n - 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and breast cancer risk: The Japan P…
- In a large cross-sectional health check study of healthy adults, women had higher vitamin B12 levels and less vitamin B12 deficiency than men, and the authors said estrogen effects did not explain the difference; this study did not test a supplement for hormones.Vitamin B12 Deficiency and the Role of Gender: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Large Cohort.
- In a large European study of about 5,960 women, blood levels of omega-3 fats were not linked to breast cancer risk overall or by hormone receptor status.A prospective evaluation of plasma phospholipid fatty acids and breast cancer risk in the EPIC study.
- In a large observational study of 3907 postmenopausal women taking a daily combination of raloxifene and 800 IU vitamin D for 6 months, quality of life scores improved with no serious adverse events, though the study had no placebo group.Quality of life and patient satisfaction with raloxifene/cholecalciferol combination therapy in postmenopausal women.
- In the UK Women's Cohort of 3,566 women, regular fish oil use was associated with a later age at natural menopause, though this observational finding cannot prove cause and effect.The Role of Dietary Supplements in Modulating Menopause Onset: A Comprehensive Analysis of Nutritional and Lifestyle Inf…
- Among about 3,200 Chinese women, higher dietary omega-3 intake was linked to lower breast cancer risk, especially in premenopausal women and those with hormone receptor positive tumors.Association of dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with breast cancer risk in pre- and postmenopausal Chin…
- In 3,040 Korean women aged 40 to 64 after menopause, higher folate intake in the early postmenopausal years was linked to a lower chance of very short sleep.The dietary factors associated with sleep duration in postmenopausal middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study using 20…
- In 2198 women with early breast cancer, using vitamin E supplements was linked to reporting moderate or severe hot flashes at enrollment.Dietary factors and vasomotor symptoms in breast cancer survivors: the WHEL Study.
- In 1700 healthy postmenopausal women, bone density was linked to the MTHFR gene variant only among women with the lowest intake of riboflavin, folate, vitamin B12 or vitamin B6.Are effects of MTHFR (C677T) genotype on BMD confined to women with low folate and riboflavin intake? Analysis of food r…
- In over 1,200 women with regular cycles, having low vitamin D (under 30 ng/ml) was linked to more breast fullness, tenderness and aches before periods, but not to mood symptoms.Markers of vitamin D metabolism and premenstrual symptoms in healthy women with regular cycles.
- In 1,041 older Latina women, adjusting for folate and vitamin B12 did not change the link between hormone therapy, homocysteine, and thinking skills.Hormone replacement therapy and cognitive performance: the role of homocysteine.
- In 998 young women, those with low vitamin D levels had higher odds of some premenstrual symptoms, such as confusion, cramps, fatigue and anxiety, but not of others.Association between Vitamin D Status and Premenstrual Symptoms.
- In 803 women with breast tumors, usual dietary folate intake was not linked to whether certain cancer-related genes were switched off by methylation, compared with lower intake.Promoter methylation of E-cadherin, p16, and RAR-β(2) genes in breast tumors and dietary intake of nutrients important i…
- In a cross-sectional study of 775 white women aged 45 to 64, higher dietary vitamin C was linked to higher bone density at the hip, with a statistically significant link only in women eating at least 500 mg of calcium a day and no clear link at the spine overall.The relation of dietary vitamin C intake to bone mineral density: results from the PEPI study.
- In 664 adults with fatty liver disease, postmenopausal women with very low dietary choline intake had more severe liver scarring than those with adequate intake, while no such link appeared in men or premenopausal women.Choline intake in a large cohort of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
- In a retrospective survey of 630 women with premenstrual syndrome, daily pyridoxine doses of 100 to 200 mg were reported to give good or partial relief in most patients, with no reports of nerve damage.Pyridoxine in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: a retrospective survey in 630 patients.
- In 546 early breast cancer patients, vitamin A intake showed no significant link to tumour size or lymph node involvement.Dietary exposures and other factors of possible prognostic significance in relation to tumour size and nodal involvement…
- In 530 postmenopausal women, blood vitamin D levels were not clearly linked to menopause symptoms such as sleep problems, mood, or fatigue.Vitamin D levels and menopause-related symptoms.
- In a survey of 496 premenopausal black South African women, dietary folate intake was assessed by food questionnaire; 46.2% to 62.2% of women across the micronutrients iron, selenium, folate and vitamin C consumed two-thirds or less of the recommended amount. The study did not measure hormone outcomes.An analysis of dietary micronutrient intakes in two age groups of black South African women.
- Among 446 German women aged 40 to 60, most had low omega-3 levels, and those using hormonal contraceptives had lower EPA levels.Low long chain omega-3 fatty acid status in middle-aged women.
- In 393 women aged 45 to 53, vitamin D supplement use was not significantly associated with heel ultrasound bone measures, and hormone replacement therapy also showed no significant association.Correlates of quantitative ultrasound in the Women's Healthy Lifestyle Project.
- In a cross-sectional survey of 393 Iranian postmenopausal women, higher dietary omega-3 intake was linked to fewer menopausal symptoms, with EPA and DHA associated with fewer urogenital symptoms, though the study cannot prove cause and effect.Higher intake of dietary n-3 PUFA and lower MUFA are associated with fewer menopausal symptoms.
- In a cross-sectional study of 320 women seeking fertility care, higher blood omega-3 levels were linked to fewer hot flashes and headaches among women with high hair mercury, though hair mercury alone was not linked to symptoms.Hair Mercury, Serum ω-3 Fatty Acids, and Menstrual Symptoms among Women Seeking Fertility Care.
- In a survey of 310 Australian women, vitamins including B6 were among the treatments women found most effective for premenstrual symptoms, yet women who took vitamin B6 had higher overall symptom scores.Premenstrual symptoms in general practice patients. Prevalence and treatment.
- In a cross-sectional study of 300 female students, those with premenstrual syndrome had significantly lower blood vitamin D levels than healthy controls, though this does not show that vitamin D supplementation relieves symptoms.Comparison of serum level of some trace elements and vitamin D between patients with premenstrual syndrome and normal co…
- In a study of blood clotting problems and eye blood vessel blockages, 5 mg daily folic acid with vitamins B6 and B12 normalized high homocysteine in 13 of 16 people with that problem, though the study did not test folate against placebo for clot outcomes.Thrombophilia and retinal vascular occlusion.
- In Spanish postmenopausal women, higher folic acid levels were linked to lower homocysteine levels, which are a cardiovascular risk marker.[Influence of menopausal status in homocysteine plasma levels].
- In a retrospective study of 244 women trying to conceive, a daily micronutrient capsule containing omega-3 fatty acids plus other nutrients for 3 months was followed by higher anti-Mullerian hormone levels, though the omega-3 dose alone was not reported and there was no control group.The effect of micronutrient supplementation on serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels: a retrospective pilot study.
- In 189 healthy postmenopausal women followed for 7 years, those who lost teeth had greater bone loss at the whole body, hip, and spine than those who kept their teeth, though vitamin D and calcium were given as study treatments and not the variable tested.Increased risk of tooth loss is related to bone loss at the whole body, hip, and spine.
- In 91 women with type 2 diabetes and 91 matched women without diabetes, homocysteine levels rose after menopause in both groups, but this effect was weaker after adjusting for other factors. Vitamin B12 was measured but was not given as a treatment.Menopause modulates homocysteine levels in diabetic and non-diabetic women.
- In 152 postmenopausal Mexican-American women, higher red blood cell folate was among the factors linked to greater bone density at some skeletal sites.Factors contributing to skeletal health of postmenopausal Mexican-American women.
- Mouth discomfort was more common in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women, and it often eased with hormone replacement. Vitamin B12 was measured in blood but was not given as a treatment.Oral discomfort at menopause.
- In 128 women with severe obesity, low vitamin D was linked to age over 40 and low calcium intake, but not to body fat measures; menopause was not kept as a significant factor in the final model.Vitamin D in women with class II/III obesity: Findings from the DieTBra trial.
- In 128 healthy women, higher homocysteine was linked to lower estradiol and to worse blood vessel function across menopause stages. Women who ate less vitamin B12 in their diet had lower intake after menopause, but B12 was not given as a supplement.Elevated plasma homocysteine and cysteine are associated with endothelial dysfunction across menopausal stages in health…
- In 111 elderly women, estrogen hormone therapy was not linked to lower vitamin B12 levels or worse B12 status compared with women not taking hormones, and may have been slightly better.Hormone replacement therapy and cobalamin status in elderly women.
- In 108 women, lower dietary intake of vitamin B6 was linked to more severe premenstrual symptoms in some groups, but this survey did not test a supplement and cannot show cause.Premenstrual syndrome and beyond: lifestyle, nutrition, and personal facts.
- In 89 healthy postmenopausal women, folate levels were measured alongside estrogen receptor gene variants, but the study did not show a folate effect on homocysteine or nitric oxide.Evidence for associations between common polymorphisms of estrogen receptor beta gene with homocysteine and nitric oxide…
- In 63 perimenopausal Irish women, vitamin D intake was below dietary guidelines, but the study did not report a link between vitamin D and symptom severity.Nutrient Intake and Menopausal Symptoms in Perimenopausal Women.
- In a retrospective study of 45 symptomatic menopausal women over 3 months, a pollen cytoplasm product with vitamin D and vitamin K2 raised vitamin D levels, lowered a bone breakdown marker, and improved vasomotor and mood symptoms compared with controls.Beneficial Effects of Purified Cytoplasm of Pollen Associated with Vitamin D and Vitamin K2 on Menopausal Symptoms and B…
- Women taking low-estrogen oral contraceptives had lower blood vitamin B12 levels than women not taking them, and their folate levels were also lower after a folate load. The study concluded that folate and B12 status did not seem to be at risk.Sub-50 oral contraceptives affect folate kinetics.
- In 35 women with breast cancer, vitamin B12 levels rose during chemotherapy, and homocysteine also rose, with the rise linked to menopausal status; this study did not give vitamin B12 as a supplement, so it shows no benefit for hormones.Systemic chemotherapy interferes in homocysteine metabolism in breast cancer patients.
- In a small study of 23 postmenopausal women, dietary vitamin C intake did not differ between women with osteoporosis and healthy controls, though age and years since menopause did differ.[Nutrition and osteoporosis: a nutritional analysis of women in postmenopause].
- In 22 women followed for 5 years through menopause, higher dietary vitamin D intake was linked to less bone loss in the distal radius, while higher parathyroid hormone was tied to more bone loss.Menopausal bone loss is partially regulated by dietary intake of vitamin D.
- In 22 women comparing premenopausal and postmenopausal groups, with and without hormone replacement therapy, neither group met national recommendations for folate intake. Hormone replacement therapy did not change energy or macronutrient intake, and the study did not test folate supplementation.Dietary and metabolic differences in pre- versus postmenopausal women taking or not taking hormone replacement therapy.
- Women starting oral contraceptives containing 30 or 50 micrograms of estrogen had serum ascorbic acid levels drop by about 30% to 42% within the first few months.Metabolic effects of oral contraceptives containing 30 micrograms and 50 micrograms of oestrogen.
- Postmenopausal women had significantly lower blood vitamin C levels, and lower antioxidant enzyme levels, than premenopausal women aged 30 to 60.Status of trace elements and antioxidants in premenopausal and postmenopausal phase of life: a comparative study.
- Women with the highest dietary vitamin D intake (median 528 IU a day) had a 17% lower risk of early menopause than women with the lowest intake.Vitamin D and calcium intake and risk of early menopause.
- Women using low-estrogen birth control pills for the first months had lower red blood cell folate levels, a sign of weaker folate status.Effect of oral contraceptive agents on vitamin nutrition status.
- In a large US national health survey, blood vitamin B12 stayed fairly stable across the stages of menopause. Vitamin B12 was not given as a supplement in this study.Menopause and age-driven changes in blood level of fat- and water-soluble vitamins.
- In Bangladeshi adults and adolescents, higher body mass index was linked to arsenic processing changes only in women, and these links weakened after accounting for plasma choline.Association between body mass index and arsenic methylation in three studies of Bangladeshi adults and adolescents.
- In a pooled analysis of 546 midlife women with insomnia and hot flashes, 1.8 grams of omega-3 daily for 8 to 12 weeks did not improve insomnia symptoms or sleep quality compared with control.Effects of Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Interventions on Insomnia Symptoms and Self-reported Sleep Quality in Wome…
- In 20 women with suspected breast tumors, a tracer form of vitamin B12 was taken up more strongly by some tumors, and a single dose of B12 or dexamethasone boosted tracer uptake in mouse tumors; this was an imaging study, not a test of health benefit.Imaging Cobalamin Uptake within Malignant Breast Tumors In Vivo.
- Adding vitamin D to estrogen hormone replacement was reported to work better than hormone replacement alone for preventing bone loss after menopause.[Effect of combination treatment with estrogen and vitamin D3 on postmenopausal boneless].
- Estrogen treatment in postmenopausal women raised bone mineral content, but serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels did not change significantly.Calcitonin, estrogens and the bone.
- In a double-blind study of women with premenstrual syndrome, vitamin E significantly reduced some breast symptoms compared with placebo.Evaluation and treatment of breast symptoms in patients with the premenstrual syndrome.
- A genome-wide analysis tested whether gene-environment interactions, including dietary folate intake, relate to colorectal cancer risk and found pathways and genes of interest. It did not measure hormone outcomes in women and does not show a health effect of folate.Using gene-environment interactions to explore pathways for colorectal cancer risk.
- In women taking birth control or estrogen therapy, 3 grams of fish oil daily for 30 days changed blood fats in mixed ways, with some lipids improving and others worsening.Effects of marine fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids) on lipid profiles in women.
- In genetically modified mice, a synthetic retinoid called LGD1069, which targets one vitamin A receptor, suppressed the development of breast tumors that do not respond to estrogen, with minimal toxicity; this was an animal study, not a human trial.The retinoid X receptor-selective retinoid, LGD1069, prevents the development of estrogen receptor-negative mammary tumo…
- In ovariectomized rats, all-trans-retinoic acid, a form of vitamin A, reduced the uterine weight increase caused by bisphenol A, but did not change cell growth or cell death markers in the uterus; this was an animal study, not a human trial.Retinoic acid inhibits uterotrophic activity of bisphenol A in adult ovariectomized rats.
Review Totals and Summary
Members Only2,623 reviews · 93% positive
Shoppers rate these gummy prenatals very highly, mostly for taste and ease of taking, across about 2,252 ratings in total. A few complaints about freshness and shipping condition, plus a recurring note that they lack iron, are the main caveats. **What buyers say it did for them:** The biggest benefit is that people can take a prenatal at all. One buyer found the regular pill "huge and hard for me to swallow" and said the gummies made it easier with morning sickness. Another called them "finally something that dosent make you vomit." Others like that they cover what they need: "All the nutrition needed while pregnant and after." One buyer wanted DHA and folic acid comparable to her usual vitamin and was pleased with these. **What they complain about:** The most common gripe is the missing iron. One reviewer said to "pick up a seperate iron supplement," and another said they "Will need to add an iron vitamin." Condition on arrival was a problem for a few. One buyer said the gummies were "hot and melted, unusable," and another got stale ones twice in a year and could "barely chew them," wondering whether they still hold their nutrition. A buyer also wanted to know the expiration date. The Walmart page notes a neutral point that the fruit ingredients listed may differ from the label, so some buyers want the label checked. **Taste, smell, texture and form:** Taste is the strongest theme. Reviewers say "taste AMAZING" and "So addicting in taste, and texture and I don't even like gummies." One expected a fishy taste from the DHA and found none. Another loved the "orange scent." They are described as easy to chew, and one buyer said they do not melt or stick together. The Walmart page describes them as not overly sugary with natural fruit flavors. A parent liked that the bottle is secure enough that a child cannot open it, since her toddler thinks they are candy. **Value for money:** Buyers call them affordable. One said "great especially for the price," and another found them "more cost efficient than trying to find it in stores." The Walmart summary lists affordable price as a main pro, with buyers saying the price is good for the amount supplied. **Who it suits and who it didn't:** They suit people who struggle with large prenatal pills, have morning sickness or nausea, or simply prefer something that tastes good. One buyer used them through four pregnancies, and another called them "Perfect for moms who can't swallow pills!" They suit people who already plan to add iron separately. They were less satisfactory for buyers who received melted or stale bottles. One review in the set described a one-capsule-a-day, 90-count product rather than the gummies, so I left that out.
Biohacker Summary
Members Only10 of 10 recommend it
The product has no single main ingredient in these statements, so the panel's comments are spread across several smaller ingredients in this product, with vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids drawing the most attention. For vitamin D, four panelists take or recommend it for general health, longevity, brain, muscle and immune support, with one taking 5000 IU of D3 in the morning, one urging blood level testing, and another advising taking it with dietary fat for better absorption. Omega-3s are recommended by several for gut health, brain health and aging, with a suggestion to take them with a fat-containing meal, though two panelists stayed neutral and one said the evidence for heart outcomes is not very strong. Zinc is used or recommended for testosterone, immune support alongside vitamin C, and wound healing, with one panelist taking 15 mg in the morning. Vitamin C is recommended for skin, collagen and immunity, and folate was mentioned neutrally, while no one in the panel said they stopped taking any of these.
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Dr. Eric Berg · Vitamin D · warns
- Dr. Berg warns that the recommended daily intake for vitamin D is based on a massive error and that the actual necessary amount is closer to 8,895 IU, with millions remaining deficient.
- Recommends getting vitamin D levels tested to ensure they are between 50 and 70, as vitamin D is intimately involved in regulating prostate size.
- Recommends wild-caught salmon as a healthy food to eat every day, noting it contains about 2000 mg of omega-3s in just 3 ounces.
- Recommends wild salmon as it is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which help reduce inflammation and support brain health and cognitive function, especially important as one ages.
- Recommends ensuring sufficient zinc intake because the prostate needs enough zinc for the conversion from testosterone to DHT to be smooth and optimized.
- Recommends taking at least 10,000 IUs of vitamin D3 every single day in the winter, stating it is the most important vitamin to lower cancer risk.
- Recommends vitamin D to support the immune system, aiming for blood levels between 80 to 100 ng per ml.
- Recommends DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid, as a natural remedy that, along with sweet wormwood, can trigger iron into an explosion to hit cancer.
- Mentions that lemon is loaded with vitamin C, and when combined with coffee, vitamin C significantly increases the bioavailability of antioxidants in the coffee.
- Recommends taking no less than 10,000 IU's of vitamin D3 for osteoporosis, alongside magnesium and K2.
- Recommends increasing vitamin D to restore balance and support healthy blood pressure.
- Dr. Berg states that Vitamin C helps fight biofilms and is essential for making collagen in gums, teeth, and capillaries.
- States that a lack of vitamin D can potentially cause achy bones or crashing mood.
- Dr. Eric Berg mentions that sardines are packed with omega-3 fatty acids, which support brain health and metabolism.
Dave Asprey · Vitamin D · uses
- Takes Vitamin DAKE from Suppgrade Labs.
- Suggests that vitamin D supports brain health, muscle function, and focus.
- Suggests that omega-3s may help slow aging and support cellular repair.
- Recommends taking vitamin C for better skin health.
- States that folate can affect how the body responds to a supplement.
- Host Dave Asprey explains why correcting a vitamin D deficiency still makes sense for male fertility, even though supplementation did not improve overall semen parameters in a randomized trial.
- States that currently, he is only taking vitamin C and vitamin D.
- States that currently, he is only taking vitamin C and vitamin D.
- Dave Asprey's kids get a little bit of vitamin E every day, which helps to stabilize the bad oils they get when eating at restaurants.
- Developed a nonnano zinc sunscreen over five years, stating her skin is probably better now than it's ever been.
- Recommends increasing choline intake, noting that it is missing in most people's diets and is important for cell membranes and liver function. He switched to a new American-made, plant-based choline called Vitacoline, which has prenatal clinical studies.
- Dave Asprey recommends eating eggs or taking a supplement that raises acetylcholine when taking racetams, as racetams can burn through choline, which the brain needs for focus.
- Recommends vitamin D, noting it's actually a hormone and that most people are deficient, even those who take it, because they don't take enough.
- Recommends omega-3s, noting that 1 gram a day slowed epigenetic aging by up to 4 months in a randomized trial of people over 70.
Siim Land · Omega-3 Fatty Acids · recommends
- Recommends taking omega-3s, including EPA and DHA, with a fat-containing meal to increase absorption.
- Advises against taking vitamin D in the morning with other supplements because it is fat soluble and requires dietary fat for better absorption.
- Recommends taking Vitamin D with fat for better absorption.
- Recommends taking vitamin C with collagen to support joint collagen synthesis.
- States that Vitamin D connects biology to light and that UVB reaching the skin enables its production.
- Increased his omega-3 intake to achieve a higher omega-3 index, which is associated with greater insulin sensitivity and better metabolic health markers.
- States that vitamin C is needed for initiating collagen synthesis and that higher vitamin C intake appears to increase vitamin C content in the skin.
- Increased his omega-3 index to 9.5% and notes that omega-3s have strong evidence for reducing elevated triglycerides.
- Mentions that EPA and DHA Omega-3s support heart and brain function and can lower triglycerides, with a higher omega-3 index associated with lower heart disease, Alzheimer's and mortality risk.
- Recommends Omega-3s for triglycerides and cardiovascular health, based primarily on human research, especially randomized controlled trials showing measurable benefits.
- Recommends choosing an omega-3 supplement from a brand that uses independent third-party testing and publishes a recent certificate of analysis, verifying EPA and DHA amounts, and testing for heavy metals, contaminants, and oxidation markers.
- Lists Omega-3s as one of 15 supplements backed by human studies.
- Explains that omega-3s can alter mitochondrial membranes and have broader cardiometabolic effects, making mitochondria more responsive to cellular signaling and oxidative stress from exercise, but they don't increase maximal mitochondrial respiration.
- Lists sauerkraut and fruit as sources of Vitamin C.
Andrew Huberman · Omega-3 Fatty Acids · recommends
- AG1 is giving away a free bottle of omega-3 coenzyme Q10 with your first subscription.
- Zinc carnosine to support and improve the lining of your gut.
- Mentions that AG1 is giving away a free bottle of Omega-3 co-enzyme Q10 with the first subscription to AG1 Pro.
- Notes that AG1 Pro contains zinc carnosine to support and improve the lining of the gut.
- Discusses Omega-3 Fatty Acids and EPA.
- Mentions that AG1 is offering a free bottle of Omega-3 co-enzyme Q10 with a first subscription to AG1 Pro.
- States that AG1 Pro contains zinc carnosine to support and improve the lining of the gut.
- Recommends a free bottle of Omega-3 co-enzyme Q10 with the first AG1 Pro subscription.
- Mentions Omega-3s in the context of the microbiome and processed foods.
- Uses AG1 Pro, which contains zinc carnosine to support and improve the lining of the gut.
- Recommends Omega-3 co-enzyme Q10, which is offered as a free bottle with the first AG1 Pro subscription.
- States that getting 1 to 3 grams of EPA essential fatty acid per day can improve mood and cognitive function, supporting focus and concentration.
- Discusses Omega-3 Fatty Acids.
- States that AG1 Pro contains zinc carnosine to support and improve the lining of the gut, and he was already taking some of these ingredients separately.
Ben Greenfield · Zinc · warns
- Ben Greenfield's formulation includes 30 grams of zinc a day, taken for one week before surgery and two weeks after, as it is an important cofactor for wound healing.
- Mentions a recent study showing no significant increase in bleeding for patients on Vitamin E supplementation during open heart surgery, which was interesting for him to learn.
- States that vitamin C is extremely important for collagen turnover and cites orthopedic data showing that 500 mg to 1 g of vitamin C can reduce the rate of complex regional pain in total knee replacements and wrist fractures.
- Notes that Vitamin D is actually a hormone and recommends patients aim for levels around 40 to 50, or even 60 for fracture healing, for optimal healing, as opposed to just above 20 which is considered normal.
- Notes that Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that supports healthy skin cell turnover.
- Mentions vitamin C as part of a bare-minimum protocol.
- Mentions vitamin D as part of a bare-minimum protocol.
- Advises getting vitamin D levels between 60 and 100 nanograms per milliliter as a minimum step for overall health and to slow down heart disease.
- Recommends methylfolate as an active form of folate that the body can use directly without conversion.
- Emphasizes that zinc sufficiency is crucial for immunity because the thymus-derived peptide thymulin, which trains lymphocytes, requires zinc to be active.
- Notes that while vitamin C has significant value, the optimal dose is a vexed question, and high doses might not always be beneficial, potentially blunting the hormetic effects of exercise.
- Notes that omega-3s have solid research behind them for fertility.
- Recommends adding zinc into one's stack because it is a co-factor for enzymes involved in testosterone synthesis and sperm maturation, and zinc deficiency is a reproducible cause of low sperm count.
- He mentions zinc as a supplement with real human data behind it for male fertility.
Thomas DeLauer · Omega-3 Fatty Acids · recommends
- Recommends fish oil supplements as an omega-3 source for gut health, as they help reduce inflammatory signaling while tissue repairs.
- Recommends taking vitamin C along with collagen about an hour before a workout for connective tissue benefits.
- Recommends high-dose omega-3s, specifically 2 to four grams of combined EPA and DHA daily, to lower hepatic fat output and improve chylomicron clearance, which helps with non-fasting triglycerides.
- Uses vitamin C as part of their immunity duo, stating it is important for boosting the immune system, especially during cold and flu season.
- Adds zinc to their immunity duo because it helps them absorb vitamin C, considering the two together a fantastic combination for fall and winter.
- Uses vitamin D3 in the fall and winter months when getting less sun, as it's important to supplement it then.
- Recommends taking a massive amount of vitamin D simultaneously with an early morning massive breakfast to help reset circadian rhythms and address hyperphagia.
- Recommends omega-3s, specifically 4 grams a day, to boost the muscle building response by making muscle cell membranes work better for the mTor switch to fire, and specifically mentions Pury for their clean, third-party tested omega-3s.
- Recommends Vitamin B12 for mental health and mood, explaining its role in myelination and neurotransmitter production. They specifically recommend a liposomal and micellar form of methylcobalamin B12 for better absorption and to avoid toxicity.
- Recommends zinc, noting it is a cofactor for enzymes that build neurotransmitters, and deficiency can affect mood, happiness, and motivation.
- Recommends Vitamin D, stating that it has receptors throughout the brain and deficiency can quickly impact brain and mood.
- Takes supplemental vitamin D because he is skin sensitive and from northern latitudes, limiting his UV exposure.
- Recommends taking vitamin D on non-liver days to ensure both nutrients get proper receptor access.
- Recommends consuming more omega-3s to help balance the mitochondrial membrane, as it will absorb more omega-3s instead of omega-6s.
Dr. Mark Hyman · Vitamin D · recommends
- Recommends Vitamin D for health, stating that amazing things happen when patients' vitamin D statuses reach optimal levels.
- Mentions vitamin D as an existing biomarker that plays a role in mental health, which Function Health includes in their measurements.
- Mentions omega-3 fats as existing biomarkers that play a role in mental health, which Function Health includes in their measurements.
- Notes that taking folate can lower homocysteine levels, which has shown health benefits and physical improvements in brain scans in clinical trials.
- Notes that vitamin D plays a role in immune function.
- Notes that some people may need a little bit extra folate with a supplement.
- Mentions that vitamin A levels can be looked at to get a deep sense of what's happening with nutrient levels.
- Recommends vitamin C as a basic supplement during detoxification to help with inflammation and detoxification.
- Mentions that omega-3s are anti-inflammatory and helpful.
- Recommends checking vitamin D levels and states that if they had to pick one single intervention for immune health, vitamin D would be it.
- Dr. Hyman discusses vitamin D in relation to sun exposure patterns.
- States that vitamin D supplementation can help with oxidative stress.
- Tries to supplement with omega-3s for psoriasis and considers them the one clearly clinically effective skin nutrient for skin, hair, and nails.
- Dr. Hyman mentions vitamin C as an advanced therapy for skin repair.
Bryan Johnson · Vitamin D · uses
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Mentions that the sunlight assessment claims low vitamin D levels cause the immune system to misfire, and notes that their vitamin D has been measured.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for longevity.
- Takes 15 mg of Zinc in the morning for longevity.
- He takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for longevity.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning.
- Takes 15 mg of Zinc in the morning.
- Takes 5,000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning.
- He takes 5000 IU of Vitamin D3 in the morning for general health.
- Takes 15 mg of Zinc in the morning for longevity.
- States that Blueprint essential capsules and soft gels are packed with key vitamins and minerals needed for strong bone health.
Dr. Rhonda Patrick · Omega-3 Fatty Acids · neutral
- Mentions that EPA is an omega-3 examined in mortality analysis and found primarily in seafood.
- Vitamin D supplementation was linked to a 40% lower risk of dementia in an observational study of more than 12,000 older adults.
- Mentions that vitamin D also plays a role in maintaining muscle mass.
- Notes that not getting enough zinc can affect testosterone, as zinc is very important for testosterone synthesis.
- States that Omega-3 fatty acids are very important for sperm health.
- Recommends ensuring adequate vitamin D intake for men's sperm health.
- Recommends men take a 30 milligram zinc supplement for sperm health when preparing for IVF.
- Recommends ensuring adequate methyl folate intake, ideally through a prenatal vitamin, for women preparing for IVF.
- Omega-3s may help slow biological aging, with added benefits when combined with vitamin D and strength training. In a 3-year randomized trial of healthy, mostly active older adults, omega-3 alone slowed several DNA-based aging clocks.
- Vitamin D and strength training alone did not, but adding them strengthened the effect on one clock, with the full combination slowing that measure by ~3.8 months.
- Recommends regular intake of omega-3 rich seafood and supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids if it's appropriate for one's lifestyle, as they are beneficial for the heart by resolving inflammation and preserving membrane fluidity.
- Notes that a 100 mg per day increase in omega-3 fatty acids was associated with lowering the risk of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline by 10%, and that it takes about two grams a day to get to a high omega-3 index if one has a low index.
- Practical habits to help keep chronic inflammation in check include getting enough omega-3s.
- States that Omega-3s, specifically EPA and DHA, may be the most potent naturally occurring dietary compounds for reducing inflammation, and that about 2 g/day of combined EPA and DHA can raise a low omega-3 index.
Peter Attia · Omega-3 Fatty Acids · neutral
- Peter and Michael explore the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids for cardiovascular trials and the challenge of delivering DHA to the brain.
- Mentions that some trials showing a benefit to PUFA were confounded by the inclusion of omega-3s, and argues that the literature on omega-3s is not super strong for decreasing hard cardiovascular disease endpoints.
- Took big doses of omega-3 postpartum to help maintain when she wasn't sitting down to eat full meals.
- Lists vitamin D as one of her staple supplements.
- Suggests that zinc and magnesium could potentially help with vasodilation and sleep, particularly for women experiencing severe symptoms in the luteal phase.
- Mentions consuming fatty fish, specifically sardines, as part of their diet, noting their high fat and protein content.
- Notes that several studies show patients taking vitamin D can reduce TPO levels and prolong the honeymoon period of Hashimoto's disease.
- States that in mouse studies, there was a combined effect of alpha ketoglutarate with vitamin D for both sexes.
- Notes that in mouse studies, there was a combined effect of alpha ketoglutarate with vitamin A for male mice.
- Uses vitamin D as an example of how people might dismiss its efficacy due to failed clinical trials that didn't adjust the dose or measure levels.
- In mouse studies, Peter Attia's team found a combined effect of AKG with Vitamin D for both sexes.
- In mouse studies, Peter Attia's team found a combined effect of AKG with Vitamin A for male mice.
- Suggests that supplementing with lots of vitamin D might help overcome the negative effects of phenytoin on bone health by improving calcium absorption, though he is unaware of studies on this.
- Recommends Vitamin D3 as one of the 'big three' micronutrients for bone health, suggesting a daily intake of 800 to 1,000 IU, which can be obtained through sunlight or supplementation.
RAL Summary
Members OnlyTier 4 for Hormone Balance for Women
The tier rests on vitamin C, but most vitamin C studies used 1000 mg with vitamin E, the one trial near this dose improved memory rather than hormone symptoms, and another found no change in sex hormones, so the studies do not show a clear improvement for women's hormones. So it is graded Tier 4, lower than the rules alone gave.
Take 3 servings a day (6 gummies) to match the dose that worked in the studies.
- Emerging: not enough evidence to rank higher yet.
Where the evidence disagrees: 76 of the 191 human studies found no effect.
More Details
Members OnlyBody systems · Combine with · Possible side effects
Body systems: Reproductive system, Endocrine system, Nervous system
Combine with: If thyroid support is the goal, pair a product like this with selenium (a cofactor for the enzymes that convert T4 to active T3 and that protects the thyroid from oxidative stress) and zinc, which supports thyroid hormone synthesis. Magnesium and vitamin D3 with K2 can support overall endocrine and immune balance, especially for autoimmune thyroid conditions. Choline and additional omega-3s are often recommended during pregnancy, but should be confirmed with an OB-GYN. Avoid excess iodine from kelp on top of the prenatal. Separate iron and calcium from meds by at least 4 hours, and consult a healthcare provider before combining supplements with thyroid treatment or pregnancy.
Possible side effects: In the studies, high-dose vitamin C with vitamin E suggested possible harm in women with heart disease, and vitamin E supplement use was linked to more hot flashes in breast cancer patients. The doses in this product are far lower.
Supplement Facts
Total Carbohydrates 4 g · Vitamin A 1200 mcg · Vitamin C 30 mg
| Calories | 20 | |
| Total Carbohydrates | 4 g | |
| Vitamin A | 1,200 mcg | |
| Vitamin C | 30 mg | |
| Vitamin D | 10 mcg | |
| Vitamin E | 6.8 mg | |
| Niacin | 20 mg | |
| Vitamin B6 | 2.5 mg | |
| Folate | 1,333 mcg DFE | |
| Vitamin B12 | 8 mcg | |
| Choline | 10 mg | |
| Zinc | 3.8 mg | |
| Omega-3 Fatty Acids | 70 mg | † |
Other ingredients: Glucose Syrup, Sucrose, Gelatin, Citric Acid, Lactic Acid, Natural Flavors, Purple Carrot juice concentrate, Annatto, Turmeric, Coconut Oil, Fractionated, Carnauba Wax.
Directions: Suggested Use: Adults, chew two gummies daily, preferably with a meal.
Barcode (UPC) 681131281331 · Label source: NIH label database · Report a label change
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Our articles on this subject
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- When Is the Best Time to Take Vitamins and Supplements?Article · Jun 15, 2026
Graded November 6, 2026 by the Reverse Age Lab evidence engine, from human studies, real reviews and our biohacker panel. How we grade. Is this medical advice? No. Rala organizes the published evidence; go over any change with your doctor, especially if you take meds.
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